The FReeper Foxhole Revisits The Battle of 1st Manassas (1st Bull Run) - Feb. 14th, 2004

see educational sources

[snippy_about_it]

Lord,

Keep our Troops forever in Your care

Give them victory over the enemy...

Grant them a safe and swift return...

Bless those who mourn the lost.
.

FReepers from the Foxhole join in prayer
for all those serving their country at this time.


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The Foxhole Revisits

First Manassas
The South's First Victory

The first major battle of the Civil War was fought in Virginia, near the Manassas, Virginia railway junction, after which the battle is called (or First Bull Run, named after the flowing stream on the battlefield, if of the Union persuasion).

The armies in this first battle were not very large by later Civil War standards. The Federal forces under Brigadier General Irvin McDowell were organized into four divisions (five, if one includes Runyan's division), of about 30,000 men. These divisions were commanded by Tyler, Hunter, Heintzelman, (Runyan), and Miles.

The Confederate command structure was somewhat more unwieldy, including two "armies", with no division structure and thirteen independent brigades under Bonham, Ewell, Jones, Longstreet, Cocke, Early, Holmes, Kershaw, Evans, Jackson, Bartow, Bee, Smith, and a cavalry brigade under Stuart. The Confederate Army of the Potomac was under the command of Brigadier General Pierre G. T. Beauregard, and the Army of the Shenandoah was commanded by Brigadier General Joseph E. Johnston. These two forces would equal McDowell's strength.



Interestingly enough, each commander had planned to initiate an attack on the other side with a feint attack on the enemy's right flank and a massed attack on the opposite flank. Had this been done simultaneously, and both been successful in their purpose, the two armies would have simply pivoted around each other and ended up in each other's rear, able to march unopposed to Washington or Richmond, as the case may be. As it turned out, the general least successful in initiating this movement was the winner.

McDowell had planned to use Tyler's division as the diversionary attack at the Stone Bridge, while Davies' brigade did the same at Blackburn's Ford. At the same time, Hunter's and Heintzelman's divisions would cross Bull Run at Sudley Springs and attack from the north.




McDowell's green troops involved in the flanking column, reached their jumping off positions two and a half hours behind schedule. Tyler's and Davies' attacks at the Stone Bridge and Blackburn's Ford were already well under way, and the Confederate high command was beginning to sense a ruse because the Union attacks were not pressed very hard.



When Beauregard was notified that Federal troops were massing on his left flank, he realized that this must be the main attack so began to shift his own troop dispositions.

The Federals had about 18,000 men in the main attack column and it was only thanks to the quick reactions of Colonel "Shank" Evans and his small brigade that Beauregard did not suffer a major disaster. He quickly moved his small force to Matthew's Hill to block the Federal move.



Sounds of the fighting drew other brigade commanders to Evans' aid on their own initiative. Brigadier General Barnard Bee and Colonel Bartow joined Evans' defensive line and deployed their men to his right to extend and strengthen it.



The Confederate position was still badly outnumbered however, and eventually the weight of those numbers began to be felt. With Tyler's division threatening the right flank and rear of the Confederate position after having forced a crossing at the Stone Bridge, and their left flank now being overlapped by Federal reinforcements, the three Confederate brigades broke to the rear, heading toward the cleared plateau of the Henry House Hill.



Unfortunately for the Federals, they were slow to follow-up their success and allowed the Southern brigade commanders to rally the remnants of their units behind Jackson's brigade which had just arrived and formed a line of battle on the reverse slope of Henry House Hill.



In the meantime, McDowell ordered two artillery batteries to advance to silence the defensive fire. Rickett's Battery and Griffin's Battery advanced to well within musket range of the Confederate positions near the crest of the hill. These batteries were counterattacked by Confederate infantry and overrun and although it is still somewhat an open question, most historians give credit to the 33rd Virginia Infantry, although the 6th North Carolina State Troops, and elements of the 2nd Mississippi Infantry also claim credit for silencing Ricketts.

This counterattack also routed the infantry supports to the guns -- a battalion of U. S. Marines and the 11th New York Infantry, the famed Fire Zouaves. The loss of the guns became a focal point for see-saw attacks and counterattacks by each side, with the possession of the guns changing hands several times.



Finally having accumulated enough units to not only stabilize the Confederate lines, but also overlap the right flank of the Federal lines, the order was given for a general advance by Beauregard. This attack caved-in the Federal right and what began as a fairly orderly retreat turned into a disorganized rout. The equally tired and inexperienced Confederates however, were in no shape to conduct an effective pursuit, so the battle ended. The Federals lost about 3,000 casualties (killed, wounded, and captured or missing), and the Confederates suffered about 2,000.

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FReeper Foxhole Armed Services Links

[snippy_about_it]

This wasn't one of the biggest battles of the war, but it was the formal opening for both sides. Of the 32,500 Confederate soldiers, 1,982 of them became casualties, while the Union counted 2,896 casualties from 35,000 troops. Many thought this would quickly settle the dispute; all it did was prepare everyone for a long war and move the Federal government into action.



Manassas Fact:
Although the total number of Union troops at Bull Run was about 35,000 and the Confederates had about 32,500 only about 18,000 men on each side were actually engaged in combat.


Diorama in the museum depicting incident when Jackson was given the name "Stonewall."

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Today's Educational Sources and suggestions for further reading:

www.nps.gov/mana/Virtual%20Tour/hh1a.htm
www.civilwarhome.com/1manassas.htm

[snippy_about_it]

'There stands Jackson like a stone wall! Rally behind the Virginians!'

--Brigadier General Barnard Bee, CSA

[snippy_about_it]

Veterans for Constitution Restoration is a non-profit, non-partisan educational and grassroots activist organization.

The primary area of concern to all VetsCoR members is that our national and local educational systems fall short in teaching students and all American citizens the history and underlying principles on which our Constitutional republic-based system of self-government was founded.

VetsCoR members are also very concerned that the Federal government long ago over-stepped its limited authority as clearly specified in the United States Constitution, as well as the Founding Fathers' supporting letters, essays, and other public documents.

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Tribute to a Generation - The memorial will be dedicated on Saturday, May 29, 2004.

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Actively seeking volunteers to provide this valuable service to Veterans and their families.

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Iraq Homecoming Tips

~ Thanks to our Veterans still serving, at home and abroad. ~ Freepmail to Ragtime Cowgirl | 2/09/04 | FRiend in the USAF

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[snippy_about_it]

FALL IN to the FReeper Foxhole!



Good Saturday Morning Everyone

If you would like added to our ping list let us know.

[Aeronaut]

Good morning Snippy.

The 1903 Wright Flyer

[facedown]

Ruins of Stone Bridge - Bull Run, VA, March 1862

Civil War treasure trove of images: civilwarphotos.net

[E.G.C.]

Good morning, Snippy and everyone at the Freeper Foxhole. Extra hugs ((HUGS)) to all of the ladies and best wishes for a Happy Valentine's Day to all.

[snippy_about_it]

Good morning Aeronaut. That is a great picture isn't it? The first flight. Would have been neat to be there.

[snippy_about_it]

Good morning facedown.

Thank you for sharing the link with the Foxhole. Sam and I were just looking at that last week, they have some awesome photographs!

[radu]

I hope everyone has a delightful day!

To all our military men and women, past and present,
THANK YOU for serving the USA!

[snippy_about_it]

[snippy_about_it]

Good morning EGC. Thanks for the HUGS!

[snippy_about_it]

Good morning and Happy Valentines Day from the Foxhole!

[aomagrat]

Today's classic warship, USS Massachusetts (BB-59)

displacement. 35,000
length. 680'10"
beam. 108'2"
draft. 29'3"
speed. 27 k.
complement. 1793
armament. 9 16", 20 5", 24 40mm., 35 20mm.

USS Massachusetts, (BB-59) was laid down 20 July 1939 by Bethlehem Steel Co., Quincy, Mass.; launched 23 September 1941; sponsored by Mrs. Charles Francis Adams; and commissioned 12 May 1942 at Boston, Capt. Francis E. M. Whiting in command.

After shakedown, Massachusetts departed Casco Bay, Maine. 24 October 1942 and 4 days later made rendezvous with the Western Naval Task Force for the invasion of north Africa, serving as Flagship for Adm. H. Kent Hewitt. While steaming off Casabl anca 8 November, she came under fire from French battleship Jean Bart's 15-inch guns. She returned fire at 0740, firing the first 16-inch shells fired by the U.S. against the European Axis Powers. Within a few minutes she silenced Jean Bart's main battery; then she turned her guns on French destroyers which had joined the attack, sinking two of them. She also shelled shore batteries and blew up an ammunition dump. After a cease-fire had been arranged with the French, she headed for the United States 12 November, and prepared for Pacific duty.

Massachusetts arrived at Noumea, New Caledonia, 4 March 1943. For the next months she operated in the South Pacific, protecting convoy lanes and supporting operations in the Solomons. Between 19 November and 21 November, she sailed with a carrier group striking Makin, Tarawa, and Abemama in the Gilberts; on 8 December she shelled Japanese positions on Nauru; and on 29 January 1944 she guarded carriers striking Tarawa in the Gilberts.

The Navy now drove steadily across the Pacific. On 30 January Massachusetts bombarded Kwajalein, and she covered the landings there 1 February. With a carrier group she struck against the Japanese stronghold at Truk 17 February. That raid not only inflicted heavy damage on Japanese aircraft and naval forces, but also proved to be a stunning blow to enemy morale. On 21 to 22 February, Massachusetts helped fight off a heavy air attack on her task group while it made raids on Saipan, Tinian, and Guam. She took part in the attack on the Carolines in late March and participated in the invasion at Hollandia 22 April which landed 60,000 troops on the island. Retiring from Hollandia, her task force staged another attack on Truk.

Massachusetts shelled Ponape Island 1 May, her last mission before sailing to Puget Sound to overhaul and reline her gun barrels, now well-worn. On 1 August she left Pearl Harbor to resume operations in the Pacific war zone. She departed the Marshall Islands 6 October, sailing to support the landings in Leyte Gulf. In an effort to block Japanese air attacks in the Leyte conflict, she participated in a fleet strike against Okinawa 10 October. Between 12 and 14 October, she protected forces hitting Formosa. While part of TG 38.3 she took part in the Battle for Leyte Gulf 22 to 27 October, during which planes from her group sank four Japanese carriers off Cape Engano.

Stopping briefly at Ulithi, Massachusetts returned to the Philippines as part of a task force which struck Manila 14 December. While supporting the invasion of Mindoro, Massachusetts sailed into a howling typhoon 17 December, with winds estimated at 120 knots. Three destroyers sank at the height of the typhoons fury. Between 30 December and 23 January 1945, she sailed as part of TF 38, which struck Formosa and supported the landing at Lingayen. During that time she turned into the South China Sea, her task force destroying shipping from Saigon to Hong Kong, concluding operations with air strikes on Formosa and Okinawa.

From 10 February to 3 March, with the 5th Fleet, Massachusetts guarded carriers during raids on Honshu. Her group also struck Iwo Jima by air for the invasion of that island. On 17 March, the carriers launched strikes against Kyushu while Massachusetts fired in repelling enemy attacks, splashing several planes. Seven days later she bombarded Okinawa. She spent most of April fighting off air attacks while engaged in the operations at Okinawa. Returning to the area in June, she passed through the eye of a typhoon with 100-knot winds 5 June. She bombarded Minami Daito Jima in the Ryukyus 10 June.

Massachusetts sailed 1 July from Leyte Gulf to join the 3d Fleet's final offensive against Japan. After guarding carriers launching strikes against Tokyo, she shelled Kamaishi, Honshu, 14 July, thus hitting Japan's second largest iron and steel center. Two weeks later she bombarded the industrial complex at Hamamatsu, returning to blast Kamaishi 9 August. It was here that Massachusetts fired what was probably the last 16-inch shell fired In combat in World War II.

Victory won, the fighting battleship sailed for Puget Sound and overhaul 1 September. She left there 28 January 1946 for operations off the California coast, until leaving San Francisco for Hampton Roads, arriving 22 April. She decommissioned 27 March 1947 to enter the Atlantic Reserve Fleet at Norfolk, and was struck from the Naval Register 1 June 1962.

"Big Mamie," as she was affectionately known, was saved from the scrap pile when she was transferred to the Massachusetts Memorial Committee 8 June 1965. She was enshrined at Fall River, Mass., 14 August 1965, as the Bay State's memorial to those who gave their lives in World War II.

Massachusetts received 11 battle stars for World War II service.

Big guns in action!

[snippy_about_it]

Good morning aomagrat. Wow, what a ship she is! I'm glad they didn't scrap her.

[Soaring Feather]

Good morning everyone!
Happy Valentines Day

[Valin]

On This Day In History


Birthdates which occurred on February 14:
1483 Zahir al-Din Mohammed Babur Shah prince/founder Mogols-dynasty
1487 Henry II of Bavaria bishop of Utrecht/Worms/Freising
1533 Christianus Adrichomius Dutch priest/writer (Vita Jesu Christi)
1679 Georg Friedrich Kauffman composer
1707 Claude-Prosper J de Crébillon French writer (Le sopha)
1760 Richard Allen Philadelphia PA, 1st black ordained by Methodist-Episcopal church
1813 John McNeil Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1891
1817 Frederick Douglass African-American abolitionist/lecturer/editor
1819 James Green Martin Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1878
1824 Winfield Scott Hancock Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1886
1829 Alfred Iverson Jr Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1911
1838 Margaret Knight inventor, "the female Thomas Edison"
1859 George Washington Gale Ferris engineer/inventor (Ferris Wheel)
1864 Israel Zangwill England, Jewish author/Zionist (Children of Ghetto)
1869 Charles Wilson English physicist (Wilson cloud chamber-Nobel)
1892 Nikolaj A Orloff Russian/British pianist (Chopin)
1894 Jack Benny [Benjamin Kubelski], Waukegan IL, "Oh! Rochester!"
1898 Fritz Zwicky Swiss astronomer (super nova)
1902 Ray "Crash" Corrigan Milwaukee WI, cowboy (Crash Corrigan's Ranch)
1905 Thelma Ritter Brooklyn NY, actress (Miracle on 34th Street)
1913 Jimmy Hoffa Teamsters leader who disappeared in 1975
1913 Mel Allen Birmingham AL, sportscaster (voice of the New York Yankees)
1917 Herbert A Hauptman New York NY, x-ray crystallographer (Nobel 1985)
1921 Hugh Downs Akron OH, TV journalist (Jcak Parr show, 20/20, Concentration)
1921 Skeezix of "Gasoline Alley" discovered on Wallets' doorstep
1931 Phyllis McGuire Middletown OH, singer (McGuire Sisters)
1929 Vic Morrow Bronx NY, actor (Combat, Roots, Twilight Zone the Movie)
1934 Florence Henderson Dale IN, actress/singer (Carol-Brady Bunch)
1935 Mickey Wright San Diego CA, LPGA golfer (4 times LPGA champion)
1935 Peter Phillips printer
1940 Porpoise 1st born in captivity in US (Marineland, Florida)
1941 Paul Tsongas (Senator-D-MA)
1944 Carl Bernstein Washington Post investigative reporter (Watergate)
1945 Gregory Hines New York NY, actor/dancer (White Nights, Taps)
1945 William Hill Boner (Representative-D-TN, 1979- )
1948 Raymond Joseph Teller Philadelphia PA, magician (Penn & Teller)
1956 Dave Dravecky pitcher (San Francisco Giants), had arm amputated
1960 Meg Tilly [Margaret], Los Angeles CA, actress (Big Chill, Impulse)
1972 Drew Bledsoe NFL quarterback (New England Patriots)
1972 Erika Rachael Schwarz Folsom LA, Miss Louisiana-America (1996-2nd)
1973 Steve McNair NFL quarterback (Houston Oilers)

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Deaths which occurred on February 14:
0869 Cyrillus Greek apostle of Slaves, dies
1400 Richard II British King (1377-99), murdered at 33 at Pontefract Castle
1405 Timur/Tamerlan "Lenk" [Crippled], Mongols monarch, dies at about 68
1779 James Cook British explorer, murdered by natives in fracas with Hawaiians
1780 William Blackstone English lawyer, dies at 56
1831 Vincente Guerrero Mexican revolutionary hero, dies
1891 William Tecumseh Sherman Union Civil War General (captured Atlanta), dies at 71
1943 Frieda Reiss French 11 month old baby, murdered in Auschwitz
1967 James Schneider actor (Keystone Kops), dies at 85
1969 Vito Genovese US mafia chief, dies at 71
1975 Julian S Huxley English scholar/director-general (UNESCO), dies at 87
1975 Pelham G Wodehouse English/US writer (Piccadilly Jim), dies at 93
1988 Frederick Loewe US composer (My Fair Lady), dies at 84
1994 Gary "BB" Coleman blues vocal/guitarist/producer, dies at 47

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Reported: MISSING in ACTION

1966 HILLS JOHN R.---SOUTH BEND IN.
1967 MARVIN ROBERT C.---DEXTER MI.
1968 DUNN JOSEPH P.---HULL MA.
1968 ELLIOT ROBERT M.---SPRINGFIELD MA
[SEVERAL OBSERVATIONS INDICATE CAPTURE, REMAINS RETURNED 12/27/99]
1968 MC MAHAN ROBERT C.---JACKSONVILLE IL.
[REMAINS RETURNED 9/90, 11/28/90 I.D.]
1969 CLARK STANLEY S.---MODESTO CA.
1969 STEVENS LARRY J.---CANOGA PARK CA.

POW / MIA Data & Bios supplied by the P.O.W. NETWORK. Skidmore, MO. USA.

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On this day...
0842 Charles II & Louis the German sign treaty
1014 Pope Benedict VIII crowns Henry II, Roman German emperor
1076 Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV
1349 2,000 Jews burned at the stake in Strasbourg France
1540 Emperor Charles V enters Ghent without resistance, executes rebels
1556 Archbishop Thomas Cranmer declared a heretic
1670 Roman Catholic emperor Leopold I chases Jews out of Vienna
1689 English parliament places Mary Stuart/Prince Willem III on the throne
1711 Händels opera Rinaldo, premieres
1778 "Stars & Stripes" arrives in foreign port for 1st time (France)
1794 1st US textile machinery patent granted, to James Davenport, Philadelphia PA
1848 James K Polk became 1st President photographed in office (Matthew Brady)
1859 Oregon admitted as 33rd state
1862 Galena, 1st US iron-clad warship for service at sea, launched, Connecticut
1867 Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection & Insurance Company issues 1st policy
1867 Morehouse College organizes (Augusta GA)
1872 1st state bird refuge authorized (Lake Merritt CA)
1876 A G Bell & Elisha Gray apply separately for telephone patents; Supreme Court eventually rules Bell rightful inventor
1879 Chilean troops occupy Antofagasta
1883 1st state labor union legislation; New Jersey legalizes unions
1889 1st trainload of fruit (oranges) leaves Los Angeles for the east
1894 Venus is both a morning star & evening star
1895 Oscar Wilde's "The Importance of Being Earnest" opens in London
1896 Stanley Cup Winnipeg Victorias beat Montréal Victorias, 2-0
1896 Theodor Herzl publishes "Der Judenstaat"
1899 US Congress begins using voting machines
1903 US Dept of Commerce & Labor established
1907 1st US fox hound association forms in New York NY
1912 1st US submarines with diesel engines commissioned, Groton CT
1912 Arizona becomes 48th state
1919 United Parcel Service forms
1920 League of Women Voters forms in Chicago
1921 Little Review faces obscenity charges for publishing "Ulysses", New York
1924 IBM Corporation founded by Thomas Watson
1929 St Valentine's Day Massacre in Chicago IL, 7 gangsters killed
1936 National Negro Congress organizes in Chicago
1939 Victor Fleming replaces George Cukor as director of Gone With the Wind
1940 British merchant vessel fleet is armed
1941 1,000,000th vehicle traverses the New York Midtown Tunnel
1941 German Africa Corps lands in Tripoli, Libya
1942 Japanese parachutists land near oil center Palembang Sumatra
1943 German offensive through de Faid-pass Tunisia
1943 Soviets recapture Rostov
1944 Anti-Japanese revolt on Java
1945 8th Air Force bombs Dresden
1946 Bank of England nationalized
1949 1st session of Knesset opens in Jerusalem
1950 USSR & China sign peace treaty
1951 Sugar Ray Robinson defeats Jake LaMotta & takes middleweight title
1954 Senator John Kennedy appears on "Meet the Press"
1956 Khrushchev denounces Stalin at USSR Communist Party Conference
1956 20th Congress of CPSU opens in Moscow
1957 Georgia Senate unanimously approves Senator Leon Butts' bill barring blacks from playing baseball with whites
1958 Arab Federation of Iraq & Jordan forms
1959 $3.6 million heroin seizure in New York NY
1960 Marshal Ayub Khan elected President of Pakistan
1961 Element 103, Lawrencium, 1st produced in Berkeley CA
1962 1st lady Jacqueline Kennedy conducts White House tour on TV
1963 US launches communications satellite Syncom 1
1966 Wilt Chamberlain breaks NBA career scoring record at 20,884 points
1967 Aretha Franklin records "Respect"
1971 Movie "Ben Hur" 1st shown on television
1971 Richard Nixon installs secret taping system in White House
1972 John & Yoko co-host "Mike Douglas Show" for entire week
1972 Luna 20 (Russia) launched to orbit & soft landing on Moon
1978 1st "micro on a chip" patented by Texas Instruments
1985 Hostage CNN reporter Jeremy Levin is released in Beirut
1988 Bobby Allison at 50 becomes oldest driver to win Daytona 500
1989 Robin Givens is granted a divorce from Mike Tyson in Dominican Republic
1989 Union Carbide agrees to pay $470 million damages for Bhopol disaster
1989 Iran's Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini offers $1 million-$3 million bounty on Salman Rushdie's death due to his novel, "Satanic Verses"
1990 Space probe Voyager 1 takes photograph of entire solar system
1992 Cease fire in Somalia begins
1994 Alexander Golubev skates Olympics record 500 meter (36.33)
2001 A Palestinian crashed a bus into Israeli soldiers and civilians standing at a bus stop in Azur, Israel, killing eight. (The driver, Khalil Abu Olbeh, was later sentenced to eight life terms.)

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Holidays
Note: Some Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"

Arizona 1912, Oregon 1859 : Admission Day
Bulgaria : Viticulturists' Day/Trifon Zarezan, cult of Dionysus
Denmark : Gaekkebrev/Fjörtende Februar-gift exchanges by school kids
Mexico : Day of National Mourning (Vincent Guerrero-1831)
World : St Valentine's Day (269)
US : New Idea Week Ends
US : Love and Laughter Keeps Us from Getting Dizzy Week Ends
International Boost Your Self-Esteem Month

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Religious Observances
Methodist : Race Relations Sunday (2nd Sunday in February)
Roman Catholic : Commemoration of St Valentine, physician/martyr/patron of lovers
Lutheran, Anglican, Roman Catholic : Memorial of Cyril, monk/missionary to the Slavs
Lutheran, Anglican, Roman Catholic : Memorial of St Methodius, bishop/missionary to the Slavs

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Religious History
1760 Richard Allen, the first black ordained in the Methodist Episcopal Church (1799), and founder of the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church in 1816, was born in slavery in Philadelphia.
1805 Colonial American theologian Henry Ware, 41, was confirmed as the first Unitarian professor to teach at Harvard University. Soon after, the Trinitarian Congregationalist teachers began withdrawing from the school, and in 1808 established Andover Theological Seminary.
1914 Birth of Ira F. Stanphill, Assemblies of God clergyman and song evangelist. He is best known today for the hymn, "Room at the Cross," which he penned in 1946.
1949 Russian-born English chemist and Zionist leader Chaim Weizmann, 74, was elected first president of the newly restored modern state of Israel.
1985 The U.S. Rabbinical Assembly of Conservative Judaism announced their decision to begin accepting women as rabbis.

Source: William D. Blake. ALMANAC OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1987.

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Thought for the day :
"We are all a little weird and life's a little weird, and when we find someone whose weirdness is compatible with ours, we join up with them and fall in mutual weirdness and call it love."

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Before And After You Fall In Love...
BEFORE - Don't stop
AFTER - Don't start

BEFORE - It's like I'm living in a dream
AFTER - It's like he lives in a dorm

BEFORE - We agree on everything
AFTER - Doesn't she have a mind of her own?

BEFORE - He's completely lost without me
AFTER - Why won't he ever ask for directions?

BEFORE - $60/doz.
AFTER - $1.50/stem

BEFORE - Victoria's Secret
AFTER - Fruit-of-the-Loom

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Murphys Law of the day...(Ehrman's Commentary)
Things will get worse before they will get better...
Who said things would get better?

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Amazing Fact #782,774...
Blondes have more hair than dark-haired people

[snippy_about_it]

Good morning feather. Happy Valentine's Day.

I had to delete post 18, my valentine for the poets. I was confused for a minute, cross thread posting and all. LOL.

It's over at your place now. :-)

[snippy_about_it]

Before And After You Fall In Love...

LOL. Those are pretty good!

Good morning Valin.