Francis Schaeffer: The Last Great Modern Theologian

Next Wave ^ | December, 1999 | David Hopkins

[unspun]

Francis Schaeffer:
The Last Great Modern Theologian
(and the reason why I have a goatee!) by David Hopkins
accessdavid@hotmail.com
http://www.monkhouse.org/david
Images taken from www.rationalpi.com/theshelter

Francis Schaeffer

Standing at the melting point The reader may wonder why I would write an article about the "last great modern theologian" in a publication that so proudly dedicates itself to post-modern thought and inquiry. In truth, we should not be so arrogant about what the modern legacy has left to us. The contributions of faithful disciples and scholars from previous generations can be of great worth. I would go so far to say even a book review of Augustine?s The City of God or Aquinas?s Summa Theologica would fit nicely into what we are trying to accomplish at Next-Wave. The goal is to re-communicate the worth of our Christian tradition and experience to a postmodern culture. However, the work of Francis Schaeffer is so recent; it is questionably whether his thoughts even need to be re-communicated to a new culture. I would like to persuade that Francis Schaeffer (1912-1984) stands at the melting point of the modern and postmodern discussion. In some ways, every "modern" theologian after him is increasingly out of date. And any "postmodern" theologian ahead of him was unfortunately out of place in discussing issues of spiritual importance. Why? Schaeffer was deeply concerned with a shift in epistemology (how we know what we know). He observed the shift during the 1960s. While he never labeled it as such, this shift is what we now call postmodernism. (Note: This term was already in existence when discussing art, architecture, philosophy, and literature; theology really didn?t jump into the discussion until postmodern thought proliferated in the 1980s, 3 years after Jean-Francois Lyotard?s The Postmodern Condition.) Francis Schaeffer is the last of the modern theologians, but not the first of the postmodern theologians. He still strongly argued for rationalism in apologetics. By this, I mean Francis Schaeffer believed one had to be converted to the appropriate set of presuppositions, namely the law of non-contradiction ("A" cannot be "non-A"), first, in order to believe and experience the God of Christianity. The Bible is viewed as a propositional argument from God to His people, which can only be accepted by the correct presuppositional vantage point. Francis Schaeffer also was skeptical of the increase of Platonism in culture (identified with mysticism) and leaned more towards an Aristotelian view of reality (identified with rationalism). These ideas mark a clear modern thought pattern. Despite his modern view, Schaeffer offers us many insights in ministering to any culture of believers. And a thorough study of his work would benefit any believer greatly.

How I met Francis Schaeffer When I first came to college, I experienced a massive faith crisis. Raised in a consumer friendly, experience crazed society, I doubted the reasonableness of the Christian system. My understanding of God did not find a home in rationality. I could not give my life to a system, just because someone told me if I say a prayer-- God would come down from distant Heaven and have coffee with me (metaphorically speaking, of course).

I needed answers. I read Josh McDowell?s More than a Carpenter and C.S. Lewis?s Mere Christianity. Both of these inspirational works satisfied my craving for common sense soundness? until I became a student of philosophy. Anyone who has studied philosophy knows that "common sense soundness" does not go very far. I needed more. I needed philosophical answers. Sorry, but Lewis and McDowell just do not cut it against thinkers like Nietzsche, Sartre, Schopenhauer, Russell, Husserl, and Heidegger. These philosophic heavy weights are playing different games and speaking a different language. Francis Schaeffer, however, knew the language; and I am convinced he could stand toe to toe with any of them. My campus minister Keith Boone introduced me to the work of Francis Schaeffer. He encouraged me to read the trilogy: The God Who Is There, Escape From Reason, and He Is There And He Is Not Silent. These three books outline the basic premise of any arguments he would develop in later books. Schaeffer was culturally, philosophically, and scripturally informed. He wrote with compassion and fire. I often stayed up late in the night reading and pondering his ideas. Each sentence blowing my mind and causing me to re-evaluate my own hidden agendas for Christianity. He moved me to understand a deeper and truer Gospel than what I had known before. And in my own postmodern superficiality, I will admit, I also liked him because he just looked cool. Francis Schaeffer has the image of an eccentric academic freak. I really resonated with that-- call it my personal image goal. Yes, he is the reason why I grew a goatee. (I can hear my friends, who know me too well, laughing out loud.) All of his writings exist to prove a basic, and yet radical point, God is really there. He?s not just a concept or an idea. He really exists. But not only that, God is speaking to us. Schaeffer believed humankind was created with dignity and is still formed in the "image of God." We all have worth and value which is innate with our standing in the universe. We are not just specks of dust on a larger speck of dust circling the sun. From this point, true restoration can take place in the souls of men and women. Francis Schaeffer wrote to provide intellectual healing to a world in transition. He realized the old models were fading. There are some points we should observe in communicating Schaeffer?s timeless message to postmodernism. Francis Schaeffer was concerned with being relevant to his time Francis Schaeffer wrote because he saw the ideas of logical positivism and existentialism being introduced into popular culture in dangerous ways, displacing God from our understanding. Schaeffer noted in his article "How I Have Come to Write My Books" (Inter-Varsity Press 1974): "In my reading of philosophy, I saw that there were innumerable problems that nobody was giving answers for? the Bible, it struck me, dealt with man?s problems in a sweeping, all-encompassing thrust." Schaeffer knew these philosophic problems affect the everyday life of believers. These ideas have a flow of influence from philosophy to art to music to general culture. Schaeffer wrote to get ahead of the ideas to positively affect general culture, replacing deceptive philosophy with the answers of scripture. Schaeffer?s goal was not to become "modern," but to minister to the modern person. Likewise, in an ever-changing society, we should be careful not to adopt postmodernism, but instead, give eternal hope to those people lost in the disparity of postmodernism. "Relevancy" has become a popular sell-word for churches nowadays. But this word has to imply more than just using movie clips in a sermon. Relevancy strikes to the heart of how we think and live. Francis Schaeffer addresses the issue of a shift in epistemology Epistemology may not be everyone?s favorite topic of discussion, but for Schaeffer this issue was of utmost importance. He recognized if our thinking is off, everything else will surely to follow. Schaeffer observed a shift in epistemology which involved a false belief that God is simply a concept or theory. We take an unfortunate existential "leap of faith" which is not rooted in the direct experience of God. We do not see God working in daily life. Schaeffer cited Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) as the initial cause of this trend. According to Schaeffer, Aquinas separated nature from grace in theology. The spiritual world and the earthly world became separated. The earthly world became what was "real" and the spiritual world was the "hypothetical." Today we still encounter in the consequences of this shift, especially when referring to a secular versus spiritual society. We create a Christian sub-world that was never meant to exist. Instead of being in the world, we live the hypothetical faith world. We fail to realize that everything is spiritual. Everything is bathed in God?s touch and presence. "For you created all things, and by your will they were created and have their being." (Revelation 4:11, quoted at the beginning of Schaeffer?s The God Who Is There.) Schaeffer hoped to give his readers understanding of a world in direct connection with a God who is really present. Art and culture mattered to Francis Schaeffer Francis Schaeffer was deeply concerned with how art impacted our thoughts and actions. In the trilogy, Schaeffer displays a thorough knowledge of art history. He shows how art has developed along a theme of separation between nature and grace. Schaeffer also is well versed on the contemporary arts, musicians, and filmmakers. He carefully analyzes these influences. Interesting footnote: He was quite possibly the first theologian to intelligently evaluate the punk revolution in Europe. Schaeffer wrote passionately about the Christian?s ability to worship God through art. In the day of the great evangelical preachers, when such a strong emphasis was placed on teaching, Schaeffer ideas of art as worship reflected the wisdom of the ancients and were simultaneously revolutionary. Schaeffer?s book How Should We Then Live gives a good overview on his ideas about art. Among postmodern pilgrims everywhere, the subject of art and worship is a very popular topic of conversation. Francis Schaeffer introduces this idea to a new generation of disciples, an invaluable resource to any community interested in created art with meaning and transcendence. L?Abri: An example of the "community apologetic" When Francis Schaeffer and his wife Edith moved to Switzerland, they decided to open their house to any believers traveling through. These travelers could come for healing, conversation, instruction, and service. They re-named their home L?Abri, French for "the Shelter." People from all over came to be part of this transit community. Remember my campus minister Keith Boone? L?Abri expanded to a number of branches throughout the world. Even today, L?Abri receives people. His wife Edith wrote the book L?Abri telling of this community?s development. Francis Schaeffer did not just live as a hermit scholar. He worked daily with people, and frequently strangers, sharing with them God?s message of peace at L?Abri. He believed strongly that community is the place where God speaks. Not only that, but community is its own apologetic for the Gospel. People can live together in meaningful relationships, sharing, working together with the Spirit?s power. What is community? How do we "get" it? Schaeffer?s L?Abri was a Christian response to the hippy communes that sought desperately to have community and meaning. L?Abri can also illustrate our own need to re-define church and the gathering of the saints. L?Abri was not just a Sunday morning institution. We need to carefully evaluate the condition of our own local churches from a programmatic institution to a community of believers. The lasting impact of "The Last Great Modern Theologian" In my opinion, Francis Schaeffer is the last of the relevant and the truly great modern theologians. He stood at the melting point between modern and postmodern. While he never addresses postmodernism, Schaeffer?s influence will be long lasting in the postmodern culture we minister in. A culture that looks longingly for heroes and role models, beyond the celebrities and pop stars. This past summer I worked at a camp in Glen Rose, Texas. On the first day, I met a boy named "Schaeffer." He wore a Cowboys cap to cover his blonde matted hair and his big grin revealed two missing teeth. As he was making his bunk, trying to smooth out the sheets while standing on the bed (a difficult task no doubt), I commented to his mother about Francis Schaeffer. She smiled and said, "I know about Francis, we named our son after him. Francis really influenced my husband and me, when we first met." Imagine that? Schaeffer was my favorite camper for that week. Maybe it was his grin, maybe there is just something in a name. For more information on Francis Schaeffer: I believe "The Shelter" www.rationalpi/theshelter.com is the best Schaeffer site on the Internet. The site contains weekly quotes, a list of books and articles, biography, photos, and links. The Shelter also has an email list, which I am a part of. If you sign up, every week they send a Schaeffer quote, plus some links on web from all areas of interest.
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DAVID HOPKINS  is program director at the Wesleyan Campus Ministry in the small college town of Commerce, Texas. David attends the university there as an English/Philosophy major.  After completing his undergraduate work, David plans to go to Fuller Theological Seminary.  He eventually hopes to be involved in Church planting and development.  David was raised in the Methodist tradition; however, he currently is part of the Axxess Community at Pantego Bible Church [www.axxess.org].

 

[jude24]

I acquired a taste for Schaeffer's writings about two summers ago. Ironically, it was because of a Christian ska band that I liked that credited him as one of their sources.

He really does a good job explaining the broad sweep of philosophy from Ancient Greek to the current post-modernists.

Personally, I'd consider him the second-best apologist I've ever read. The best apolgist I've ever read has to be C.S. Lewis. Even athiests have to admit that Mere Christianity is irrefutable. (I've heard one of the leading atheists from the Center from Inquiry admit that here at UB.) Other good ones are Cornelius Van Til (but he's pretty dry reading -- my pchem textbook is easier reading), Lee Strobel (innovative approach -- interviews with experts in their particular fields), Ravi Zacharias (he can popularize Christian philosophy like no-one can), and Josh McDowell (if you want to know the proponderance of evidence for Christianity, he's your man.)

[jude24]

Agreed .........but a faulty theology can damn:>)

Some can, some really don't matter worth a hill of beans.

We as Christians really need to learn what's important and whats not. A lot of our theological squabbles aren't. Though some certainly are.

[RnMomof7]

agreed...but the important thing is to know what IS important and what is not..

No one will go to hell based on the differences in Arminian/Calvinists .but for sure a denial of the trinity or the finished work of the cross damns..

[jude24]

No one will go to hell based on the differences in Arminian/Calvinists .but for sure a denial of the trinity or the finished work of the cross damns..

Agreed.

[P-Marlowe]

We are commanded to do the work of an evangelist:

2Ti 4:5 But watch thou in all things, endure afflictions, do the work of an evangelist, make full proof of thy ministry.

I don't see any commandment to do the work of a theologian.

[Freedom'sWorthIt]

Thanks for the post and the ping. The reading of Francis Schaeffer's books were part of God's work in my life. He answered my generation's questions about God with love and Holy logic. His L'Abri fellowships are a model of what every church that understands the questions being asked by the young (and the old) could do in loving acceptance of and openarmed ministry towards those who rebel and challenge the Truths of the Gospel. He would be the epitome of - I don't care about how much you know until I know about how much you care. My generation needed to know God is real - and God cares. Francis and Edith Schaeffer expressed both in L'Abri.

I have since given Francis Schaeffer's books to many many young people coming along today with the same questions I had way back then. They still are powerful and lifechanging. Thanks be to God for giving us Francis - and Edith - Schaeffer!

[RnMomof7]

Got me..but do we agree that proper theology is important? Much of what we call theology today was developed as apologitic answers to error

[P-Marlowe]

Got me..

Not really. You just should have responded with this:

Tit 1:9 Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers.

Tit 2:1 But speak thou the things which become sound doctrine

You're slipping mom. I expect better of you. :-)

[RnMomof7]

LOL..got me again:>)

[unspun]

Is this thread still functional? (If so, hi, RN! ;-)

[Destro]

Author Frank Schaeffer to speak on his conversion to the Orthodox faith

Frank Schaeffer, son of the late renowned Christian theologian Francis Schaeffer, holds a photo of his son, John, a Marine.

[unspun]

Thank you for linking these two threads. Interesting. I appreciate an interest in being true to the New Testament Church (being as true as possible to its Head). I don't see how that is accomplished through grasping any particular tradition, as it presents itself subsequent to those fresh years. I think it best to gain as much as one truly can from the Scriptures, the Logos they describe, the Holy Breath that conveys the Good News, and our Father whom Word and Spirit relate -- abide therein and obediently, creatively apply, here and now.

[don-o]

(I highly reccommend this book by John and Frank.)

Frank Schaeffer, who converted to Orthodoxy, (I believe after his father's death,) tells a story. Francis was in a Catholic hospital in Philadelphia and there was a Crucifix on the wall. He was asked if he wanted it removed. He said to leave it.

Don't know the signifigance of that, but I believe I have heard that Frank says that he believes that had his Father lived, he would have become Orthodox also.

Which resonates with me, because he was a disciplined thinker and well able to analyze and debunk the illogic of postmodern thought. No, he was not a "theologian" in the Protestant definition. But, I think Frank is saying that his intellectual honesty would have lead him to Orthodoxy

But, IMHO, he was tending to theology in the tradition of Orthodox Christianity, which involves learning the truth by direct experience rather than avademic methodology.

fwiw

[RnMomof7]

I am in agreement regarding both FS and Ravi, but I have great respect also for R.C.Sproul. Although not a "theologian" per say, Alvin Plantinga is at the top of the heap of philosophers, but Christian and non-Christian.

I too am a HUGE fan of Sproul and did not want him left out. He is a man that teaches theological concepts in a way that a layman can understand.

For anyone looking for a good read "The Holiness of God" is worth your time.

[RnMomof7]

nteresting that this thread gets side-tracked to "Religion," when posts such as this: http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/836099/posts thrive in "News/Activism." To me, understanding such things as the subject of this thread is pivotal to understanding the American republic.

And do not forget the humor threads , and the Nascar threads, MTV awards etc

[Destro]

http://ic.net/~erasmus/RAZ102.HTM

When I walk into an Orthodox Church . . . one is immediately aware that one has stepped into the presence of what St. Paul would call the whole family in heaven and earth. You have stepped into the precincts of heaven! . . . I love the Orthodox Church's spirit. I think the Orthodox Church many, many centuries ago, discovered a mode of music and worship which is timeless, which is quite apart from fashion, and which somehow answers to the mystery and the solemnity and the sacramental reality of the liturgy.

{"A Conversation With Thomas Howard and Frank Schaeffer," The Christian Activist, vol. 9, Fall/Winter 1996, p. 43}

[don-o]

Scaheffer and Howard

[betty boop]

"Orthodox tried to stick with their liturgy, not change to fit the fashions of the day," Schaeffer said. "Orthodoxy has not tried to keep up with every passing fashion and make itself 'relevant.' It is much more relevant because it doesn't change."

How can Truth "change?" Thank you for the ping, Destro!

[RnMomof7]

Actually I don't like to categorize myself in theologies inasmuch as when it comes down to brass tacks it is not a systematic theology that saves us, it is Christ alone

Marlowe without a systematic base ..... that is building from scripture on scripture and precept on precept what happens is error. It is like faulty logic .

bobby has a short hair cut
boys have short haircuts
therefore bobby is a boy

Unless one starts at the beginning and builds their knowledge of God scripture on scripture, testing the truth by scripture explaining scripture then we can come up with any number of the heresies that have grown over the generations,

So is systematic theology necessary for salvation NO, but it does clarify and define our faith so that the nature and work of God is correct and biblical .

There are many Jesus's only one saves. If your faith is in any other Christ no amount of "faith " saves

[P-Marlowe]

I posted that nearly two years ago Mom. Why are you just now responding to it?

What compelled you to respond to it today? The last post to that thread was 9/3/03.

Would you like me to respond to some of your "old" posts? :-)