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Nothing to forgive — I didn’t know this either until I started reading the Talmud.

a couple of books I used to start getting into this are:

1. https://www.amazon.co.uk/First-Century-Judaism-Crisis-Neusner/dp/1597525391 — Jacob Neusner “First century Judaism in crisis” - this is written purely from a Jewish perspective

2. https://www.amazon.co.uk/TALMUD-BIOGRAPHY-CENSORED-BURNED-SUPPRESS/dp/1916002307/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=the+Talmud+a+biography&qid=1618816635&s=books&sr=1-1 - THE TALMUD A BIOGRAPHY: BANNED, CENSORED AND BURNED. by Harry Freedman

Essentially - According to Rabbinic Judaism, the Oral Torah or Oral Law (Hebrew: תורה שבעל פה‎, Torah she-be-`al peh, lit. “Torah that is on the mouth”) represents those laws, statutes, and legal interpretations that were not recorded in the Five Books of Moses, the “Written Torah” (Hebrew: תורה שבכתב‎, Torah she-bi-khtav, lit. “Torah that is in writing”), but nonetheless are regarded by Rabbinical Jews as prescriptive and given at the same time. This holistic Jewish code of conduct encompasses a wide swathe of rituals, worship practices, God–man and interpersonal relationships, from dietary laws to Sabbath and festival observance to marital relations, agricultural practices, and civil claims and damages.

According to Jewish tradition, the Oral Torah was passed down orally in an unbroken chain from generation to generation until its contents were finally committed to writing following the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, when Jewish civilization was faced with an existential threat, by virtue of the dispersion of the Jewish people

The major repositories of the Oral Torah are the Mishnah, compiled between 200–220 CE by Rabbi Yehudah haNasi, and the Gemara, a series of running commentaries and debates concerning the Mishnah, which together form the Talmud, the preeminent text of Rabbinic Judaism. In fact, two “versions” of the Talmud exist: one produced in the Galilee c. 300–350 CE (the Jerusalem Talmud), and a second, more extensive Talmud compiled in Babylonia c. 450–500 CE (the Babylonian Talmud).

The Pharisees are first written of after the Babylonian exile, with some dating them to just about the 1st century before Christ. I have no opinion on either date, but consider their origins to be possibly closer to the earlier date.

The Pharisees essentially said that there were Oral instructions sent by Moses. These were first put as secondary to the Torah and then put as on equal par to the Torah.

The Sadducees rejected this.

Only after 70 AD do we see this really coming on par with the Torah.

One point I didn’t realize until I started reading about the foundation of Shariah is that both the Islamic and Judaic jurisprudence schools were located in the area of Baghdad and that they corresponded with each other, shared and learnt from each other. That’s why there are so many similarities.

The Mishnah and the Talmud are finalized only by the 9th century