Catholic Caucus: Daily Mass Readings, 11-29-19

Friday of the Thirty-fourth Week in Ordinary Time
Lectionary: 507

Reading 1 Dn 7:2-14

In a vision I, Daniel, saw during the night,
the four winds of heaven stirred up the great sea,
from which emerged four immense beasts,
each different from the others.
The first was like a lion, but with eagle’s wings.
While I watched, the wings were plucked;
it was raised from the ground to stand on two feet
like a man, and given a human mind.
The second was like a bear; it was raised up on one side,
and among the teeth in its mouth were three tusks.
It was given the order, “Up, devour much flesh.”
After this I looked and saw another beast, like a leopard;
on its back were four wings like those of a bird,
and it had four heads.
To this beast dominion was given.
After this, in the visions of the night I saw the fourth beast,
different from all the others,
terrifying, horrible, and of extraordinary strength;
it had great iron teeth with which it devoured and crushed,
and what was left it trampled with its feet.
I was considering the ten horns it had,
when suddenly another, a little horn, sprang out of their midst,
and three of the previous horns were torn away to make room for it.
This horn had eyes like a man,
and a mouth that spoke arrogantly.
As I watched,

Thrones were set up
and the Ancient One took his throne.
His clothing was snow bright,
and the hair on his head as white as wool;
His throne was flames of fire,
with wheels of burning fire.
A surging stream of fire
flowed out from where he sat;
Thousands upon thousands were ministering to him,
and myriads upon myriads attended him.

The court was convened, and the books were opened.
I watched, then, from the first of the arrogant words
which the horn spoke, until the beast was slain
and its body thrown into the fire to be burnt up.
The other beasts, which also lost their dominion,
were granted a prolongation of life for a time and a season.
As the visions during the night continued, I saw

One like a son of man coming,
on the clouds of heaven;
When he reached the Ancient One
and was presented before him,
He received dominion, glory, and kingship;
nations and peoples of every language serve him.
His dominion is an everlasting dominion
that shall not be taken away,
his kingship shall not be destroyed.

Responsorial Psalm Daniel 3:75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81

R. Give glory and eternal praise to him!
“Mountains and hills, bless the Lord;
praise and exalt him above all forever.”
R. Give glory and eternal praise to him!
“Everything growing from the earth, bless the Lord;
praise and exalt him above all forever.
R. Give glory and eternal praise to him!”
“You springs, bless the Lord;
praise and exalt him above all forever.”
R. Give glory and eternal praise to him!
“Seas and rivers, bless the Lord;
praise and exalt him above all forever.”
R. Give glory and eternal praise to him!
“You dolphins and all water creatures, bless the Lord;
praise and exalt him above all forever.”
R. Give glory and eternal praise to him!
“All you birds of the air, bless the Lord;
praise and exalt him above all forever.”
R. Give glory and eternal praise to him!
“All you beasts, wild and tame, bless the Lord;
praise and exalt him above all forever.”
R. Give glory and eternal praise to him!

Alleluia Lk 21:28

R. Alleluia, alleluia.
Stand erect and raise your heads
because your redemption is at hand.
R. Alleluia, alleluia.

Gospel Lk 21:29-33

Jesus told his disciples a parable.
“Consider the fig tree and all the other trees.
When their buds burst open,
you see for yourselves and know that summer is now near;
in the same way, when you see these things happening,
know that the Kingdom of God is near.
Amen, I say to you, this generation will not pass away
until all these things have taken place.
Heaven and earth will pass away,
but my words will not pass away.”

Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam (To the Greater Glory of God)

For: Friday, November 29, 2019

34th and Final Week in Ordinary Time

From: Luke 21:29-33

Discourse on the Destruction of Jerusalem and the End of the World

[29] And He (Jesus) told them a parable: “Look at the fig tree, and all the trees;
[30] as soon as they come out in leaf, you see for yourselves and know that the
summer is already near. [31] So also, when you see these things taking place,
you know that the Kingdom of God is near. [32] Truly, I say to you, this genera-
tion will not pass away till all has taken place. [33] Heaven and earth will pass
away, but My words will not pass away.”

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Commentary:

31. The Kingdom of God, announced by John the Baptist (cf. Matthew 3:2) and
described by our Lord in so many parables (cf. Matthew 13; Luke 13:18-20), is
already present among the Apostles (Luke 17:20-21), but it is not yet fully mani-
fest. Jesus here describes what it will be like when the Kingdom comes in all its
fullness, and He invites us to pray for this very event in the Our Father: “Thy King-
dom come.” “The Kingdom of God, which had its beginnings here on earth in the
Church of Christ, is not of this world, whose form is passing, and its authentic de-
velopment cannot be measured by the progress of civilization, of science and of
technology. The true growth of the Kingdom of God consists in an ever deepening
knowledge of the unfathomable riches of Christ, in an ever stronger hope in eter-
nal blessings, in an ever more fervent response to the love of God, and in an ever
more generous acceptance of grace and holiness by men” (”Creed of the People
of God”, 27). At the end of the world everything will be subjected to Christ and
God will reign for ever more (cf. 1 Corinthians 15:24, 28).

32. Everything referring to the destruction of Jerusalem was fulfilled some forty
years after our Lord’s death — which meant that Jesus’ contemporaries would be
able to verify the truth of this prophecy. But the destruction of Jerusalem is a
symbol of the end of the world; therefore, it can be said that the generation to
which our Lord refers did see the end of the world, in a symbolic way. This verse
can also be taken to refer to the generation of believers, that is, not just the par-
ticular generation of those Jesus was addressing (cf. note on Matthew 24:32-35).

[The note on Matthew 24:32-35 states:

32-35. Seeing in the destruction of Jerusalem a symbol of the end of the world,
St. John Chrysostom applies to it this parable of the fig tree: “Here He also fore-
tells a spiritual spring and a calm which, after the storm of the present life, the
righteous will experience; whereas for sinners there will be a winter after the
spring they have had [...]. But this was not the only reason why He put before
them the parable of the fig tree, to tell them of the interval before His coming; He
wanted to show them that His word would assuredly come true. As sure as the
coming of spring is the coming of the Son of Man” (”Hom. on St. Matthew”, 77).

“This generation”: this verse is a clear example of what we say in the note on
Matthew 24:1 about the destruction of Jerusalem being itself a symbol. “This ge-
neration” refers firstly to the people alive at the time of the destruction of Jerusa-
lem. But, since that event is symbolic of the end of the world, we can say with
St. John Chrysostom that “the Lord was speaking not only of the generation then
living, but also of the generation of the believers; for He knows that a generation
is distinguished not only by time but also by its mode of religious worship and
practice: this is what the Psalmist means when he says that ‘such is the gene-
ration of those who seek Him’ (Psalm 24:6)” (”Hom. on St. Matthew”, 77).]

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Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.

Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States. We encourage readers to purchase
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29. And he spoke to them a parable; Behold the fig tree, and all the trees;
30. When they now shoot forth, you see and know of your own selves that summer is now nigh at hand.
31. So likewise you, when you see these things come to pass, know you that the kingdom of God is nigh at hand.
32. Verily I say to you, This generation shall not pass away, till all be fulfilled.
33. Heaven and earth shall pass away: but my words shall not pass away.

GREG. That the world ought to be trampled upon and despised, He proves by a wise comparison, adding, Behold the fig tree and all the trees, when they now put forth fruit, you know that summer is near. As if He says, as from the fruit of the tree the summer is perceived to be near, so from the fall of the world the kingdom of God is known to be at hand. Hereby is it manifested that the world's fall is our fruit. For hereunto it puts forth buds, that whomever it has fostered in the bud it may consume in slaughter. But well is the kingdom of God compared to summer; for then the clouds of our sorrow flee away, and the days of life brighten up under the clear light of the Eternal Sun.

AMBROSE; Matthew speaks of the fig-tree only, Luke of all the trees. But the fig-tree shadows forth two things, either the ripening of what is hard, or the luxuriance of sin; that is, either that, when the fruit bursts forth in all trees and the fruitful fig-tree abounds, (that is, when every tongue confesses God, even the Jewish people confessing Him,) we ought to hope for our Lord's coming, in which shall be gathered in as at summer the fruits of the resurrection. Or, when the man of sin shall clothe himself in his light and fickle boasting as it were the leaves of the synagogue, we must then suppose the judgment to be drawing near. For the Lord hastens to reward faith, and to bring an end of sinning.

AUG. But when He says, When you shall see these things to come to pass, what can we understand but those things which were mentioned above. But among them we read, And then shall they see the Son of man coming. When therefore this is seen, the kingdom of God is not yet, but nigh at hand. Or must we say that we are not to understand all the things before mentioned, when He says, When you shall see these things, &c. but only some of them; this for example being excepted, And then shall they see the Son of man. But Matthew would plainly have it taken with no exception, for he says, And so you, when you see all these things, among which is the seeing the coming of the Son of man; in order that it may be understood of that coming whereby He now comes in His members as in clouds, or in the Church as in a great cloud.

TIT. BOST. Or else, He says, the kingdom of God is at hand, meaning that when these things shall be not yet shall all things come to their last end, but they shall be already tending towards it. For the very coming of our Lord itself, casting out every principality and power, is the preparation for the kingdom of God.

EUSEB. For as in this life, when winter dies away, and spring succeeds, the sun sending forth its warm rays cherishes and quickens the seeds hid in the ground, just laying aside their first form, and the young plants sprout forth, having put on different shades of green; so also the glorious coming of the Only-begotten of God, illuminating the new world with His quickening rays shall bring forth into light from more excellent bodies than before the seeds that have long been hidden in the whole world, i.e. those who sleep in the dust of the earth. And having vanquished death, He shall reign from henceforth the life of the new world.

GREG. But all the things before mentioned are confirmed with greet certainly, when He adds, Verily I say to you, &c.

BEDE; He strongly commends that which he thus foretell. And, if one may so speak, his oath is this, Amen, I say to you. Amen is by interpretation "true." Therefore the truth says, I tell you the truth, and though He spoke not thus, He could by no means lie. But by generation he means either the whole human race, or especially the Jews.

EUSEB. Or by generation He means the new generation of His holy Church, showing that the generation of the faithful would last up to that time, when it would see all things, and embrace with its eyes the fulfillment of our Savior's words.

THEOPHYL. For because He had foretold that there should be commotions, and wars and changes, both of the elements and in other things, lest any one might suspect that Christianity itself also would perish, He adds, Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away: as if He said, Though all things should be shaken, yet shall my faith fail not. Whereby He implies that He sets the Church before the whole creation. The creation shall suffer change, but the Church of the faithful and the words of the Gospel shall abide for ever.

GREG. Or else, The heaven and, earth shall pass away, &c. As if He says, All that with us seems lasting, does not abide to eternity without change, and all that with Me seems to pass away is held fixed and immovable, for My word which passes away utters sentences which remain unchangeable, and abide for ever.

BEDE; But by the heaven which shall pass away we must understand not the ethereal or the starry heaven, but the air from which the birds are named "of heaven." But if the earth shall pass away, how does Ecclesiastes say, The earth stands for ever? Plainly then the heaven and earth in the fashion which they now have shall pass away, but in essence subsist eternally.

Catena Aurea Luke 21

From: Daniel 7:2-14

Daniel’s Vision

[2] Daniel said, “I saw in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of hea-
ven were stirring up the great sea. [3] And four great beasts came up out of the
sea, different from one another. [4] The first was like a lion and had eagles’ wings.
Then as I looked its wings were plucked off, and it was lifted up from the ground
and made to stand upon two feet like a man; and the mind of a man was given
to it. [5] And behold, another beast, a second one, like a bear. It was raised up
on one side, it had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth; and it was told,
‘Arise, devour much flesh.’ [6] After this I looked, and lo, another, like a leopard
with four wings of a bird on its back and the beast had four heads, and dominion
was given to it. [7] After this I saw in the night visions, and behold, a fourth beast,
terrible and dreadful and exceedingly strong; and it had great iron teeth; it de-
voured and broke in pieces, and stamped the residue with its feet. It was diffe-
rent from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns. [8] I considered
the horns, and behold, there came up among them another horn, a little one, be-
fore which three of the first horns were plucked up by the roots; and behold, in
this horn were eyes like the eyes of a man, and a mouth speaking great things.
[9] As I looked,
thrones were placed
and one that was ancient of days took his seat;
his raiment was white as snow,
and the hair of his head like pure wool;
his throne was fiery flames,
its wheels were burning fire.
[10] A stream of fire issued
and came forth from before him;
a thousand thousands served him,
and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him;
the court sat in judgment,
and the books were opened.

[11] I looked then because of the sound of the great words which the horn
was speaking. And as I looked, the beast was slain, and its body destroyed and
given over to be burned with fire. [12] As for the rest of the beasts, their dominion
was taken away, but their lives were prolonged for a season and a time. [13] I
saw in the night visions,
and behold, with the clouds of heaven
there came one like a son of man,
and he came to the Ancient of Days
and was presented before him.
[14] And to him was given dominion
and glory and kingdom,
that all peoples, nations, and languages
should serve him;
his dominion is an everlasting dominion,
which shall not pass away,
and his kingdom one
that shall not be destroyed.

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Commentary:

7:1-12:13. Up to the end of chapter 6, Daniel has been the interpreter of kings’
dreams; now his own dreams are interpreted for him by an angel or heavenly be-
ing: the interpreter explains dreams (chaps. 7-8), the meaning of Scripture (chap.
9), and a vision (chaps. 10-12); and Daniel himself notes it all down.

Daniel had announced to Nebuchadnezzar the end of time as part of the interpre-
tation of his dream (cf. 2:28); now Daniel is told when it will happen (cf. 12:5-12);
for him (cf. 2:28); he is given a more specific revelation in which the figure of the
tyrannical Antiochus IV (described here symbolically) is depicted as the epitome
of evil and his death will mark the end of the present age (cf. 11:45-12:1). Earlier,
Daniel’s wisdom was seen as a divine gift to be used for the benefit of foreign
kings; now it is depicted as coming from a revelation in which God speaks to
Daniel through heavenly messengers and tells him about the meaning of human
history—a revelation that he must commit to writing, as a source of comfort and
hope for the chosen people. “Revelation has set within history a point of refe-
rence which cannot be ignored if the mystery of human life is to be known. Yet
this knowledge refers back constantly to the mystery of God which the human
mind cannot exhaust but can only receive and embrace in faith. Between these
two poles, reason has its own specific field in which it can enquire and under-
stand, restricted only by its finiteness before the infinite mystery of God” (Bl.
John Paul II, “Fides Et Ratio”, 14).

7:1-28. This chapter marks the end of the part of the book written in Aramaic;
in it we again find elements seen in chapter 2 (where the Aramaic part began);
these include: the arrangement of history into four periods (symbolized there by
metals, here by beasts) and the establishment of an everlasting kingdom at the
end. Thus, the chapter closes the Aramaic section and acts as a kind of intro-
duction to the chapters (in Hebrew) in which Daniel receives and writes down di-
vine revelations. Chapter 8 is written in Hebrew and it explains chapter 7; and
this pattern continues: chapter 9 is explained by chapter 10; and 11 by 12. Da-
niel first outlines his dream or vision, and it is then interpreted by an angelic
being. In this chapter the content of the dream is given in vv. 1-14, and its inter-
pretation in vv. 15-28. Vision and interpretation constitute a single event, an ac-
count of which Daniel writes down, as he mentions at start (cf. v. 1) and finish
(cf. v. 28). Daniel’s “signature” at beginning and end confirms the truth of his vi-
sion and the truthfulness of what he has written for the reader.

7:1-14. In chapter 5 the picture drawn of Belshazzar suggested that he stood fi-
guratively for the sacrilegious King Antiochus IV. It is not surprising, then, that
this dream of Daniel’s is set in the first year of Belshazzar’s reign, given that the
climax of the prophecy (the little horn) concerns Antiochus IV. God is going to
intervene definitively when irreligion is at its worst. There are two scenes in the
vision — the beasts coming out of the sea (vv. 2-8) and the divine court and judg-
ment (vv. 9-14).

7:2-8. The Great Sea (the Mediterranean: v. 2), out of which the beasts arise,
stands for the world of gloom and chaos. Although earlier prophets did use ani-
mals as symbols for empires (a crocodile for Egypt, cf. Ezek 32; an eagle or a
monster for Babylon, cf. Ezek 17:3; Jer 51:34), the winged beasts of Daniel’s
vision are reminiscent of Mesopotamian statues. The lion with eagle’s wings
stands for Nebuchadnezzar a proud man, he was brought low and later given
back his reason (4:16, 34); the empire of the Medes is depicted as a bear ready
to attack, and that of the Persians as a leopard, fleet of foot. The fourth beast re-
sembles no animal, but its teeth of iron show it to be the Greek empire of Alex-
ander the Great and his successors (cf. 2:40). Of those successors, (symbo-
lized by the horns), attention is focused on Antiochus IV, the horn with eyes that
speaks blasphemy (cf. vv. 8, 25). The gravity of those challenges to God’s autho-
rity will be underlined in Revelation 13:5 in its description of the beast that is gi-
ven power by the dragon. The worst sin of the powers of the world is their oppo-
sition to God and his laws. Interpreting the words of this passage as a prophecy
in the strict sense, that is, as a prediction of something that will happen in the
future, some Fathers read the last of the horns as being the Antichrist of whom
the Revelation to John will have much to say (cf. Rev. 13:11-18; 17:16; 19:19-21).

7:9-14. Divine judgment is passed on the kingdoms in this scene. God is depic-
ted as being seated on a throne in heaven, his glory flashing out and angels all
around. Judgment is about to take place, and it will be followed by execution of
the sentence. The books (v. 10) contain all the actions of men (cf. Jer 17:1; Mal
3:16; Ps 56:8; Rev 20:12). The seer is shown history past (not laid out according
to chronology: all the empires are included in one glance), and he notes that a
more severe sentence is passed on the blasphemous horn than on the other
beasts. They had their lives extended (v. 12), that is, their deprivation of power
did not spell the end; but the little horn is destroyed forthwith. “Following in the
steps of the prophets and John the Baptist, Jesus announced the judgment of
the Last Day in his preaching (cf. Dan 7:10; Joel 3-4; Mal 3:19; Mt 3:7-42)”
(”Catechism of the Catholic Church”, 678).

The one “like a son of man” who comes with the clouds of heaven and who, after
the judgment, is given everlasting dominion over all the earth, is the very antithe-
sis of the beasts. He has not risen from a turbulent sea like them; there is no-
thing ferocious about him. Rather, he has been raised up by God (he comes with
the clouds of heaven) and he shares the human condition. The dignity of all man-
kind is restored through this son of man’s triumph over the beasts. This figure, as
we will discover later, stands for ‘the people of the saints of the Most High’ (7:27),
that is, faithful Israel. However, he is also an individual (just as the winged lion
was an individual, and the little horn), and insofar as he is given a kingdom, he is
a king. What we have here is an individual who represents the people. In Jewish
circles around the time of Christ, this “son of man” was interpreted as being the
Messiah, a real person (cf. “Book of the Parables of Enoch”); but it was a title
that became linked to the sufferings of the Messiah and to his resurrection from
the dead only when Jesus Christ applied it to himself in the Gospel. “Jesus ac-
cepted Peter’s profession of faith, which acknowledged him to be the Messiah,
by announcing the imminent Passion of the Son of Man (cf. Mt 16:23). He un-
veiled the authentic content of his messianic kingship both in the transcendent
identity of the Son of Man ‘who came down from heaven’ (Jn 3:13; cf. Jn 6:62;
Dan 7:13), and in his redemptive mission as the suffering Servant: ‘The Son of
Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for ma-
ny’ (Mt 20:28; cf. Is 53:10-12)” (”Catechism of the Catholic Church”, 440).

When the Church proclaims in the Creed that Christ is seated at the right hand
of the Father, she is saying that it was to Christ that dominion was given; “Being
seated at the Father’s right hand signifies the inauguration of the Messiah’s king-
dom, the fulfillment of the prophet Daniel’s vision concerning the Son of man; ‘To
him was given domination and glory and kingdom, that all peoples, nations, and
languages should serve him; his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall
not pass away, and his kingdom one that shall not be destroyed’ (Dan 7:14). Af-
ter this event the apostles became witnesses of the ‘kingdom [that] will have no
end’ (Nicene Creed)” (”Catechism of the Catholic Church”, 664).

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Luke
	English: Douay-Rheims	Latin: Vulgata Clementina	Greek NT: Byzantine/Majority Text (2000)
	Luke 21
29.	And he spoke to them in a similitude. See the fig tree, and all the trees:	Et dixit illis similitudinem : Videte ficulneam, et omnes arbores :	και ειπεν παραβολην αυτοις ιδετε την συκην και παντα τα δενδρα
30.	When they now shoot forth their fruit, you know that summer is nigh;	cum producunt jam ex se fructum, scitis quoniam prope est æstas.	οταν προβαλωσιν ηδη βλεποντες αφ εαυτων γινωσκετε οτι ηδη εγγυς το θερος εστιν
31.	So you also, when you shall see these things come to pass, know that the kingdom of God is at hand.	Ita et vos cum videritis hæc fieri, scitote quoniam prope est regnum Dei.	ουτως και υμεις οταν ιδητε ταυτα γινομενα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς εστιν η βασιλεια του θεου
32.	Amen, I say to you, this generation shall not pass away, till all things be fulfilled.	Amen dico vobis, quia non præteribit generatio hæc, donec omnia fiant.	αμην λεγω υμιν οτι ου μη παρελθη η γενεα αυτη εως αν παντα γενηται
33.	Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.	Cælum et terra transibunt : verba autem mea non transibunt.	ο ουρανος και η γη παρελευσονται οι δε λογοι μου ου μη παρελθωσιν

Friday of the Thirty-fourth Week in Ordinary Time

November 29 2019

Friday of the Thirty-fourth Week in Ordinary TimeLectionary: 507

Reading 1 Dn 7:2-14

Responsorial Psalm Daniel 3:75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81

Alleluia Lk 21:28

Gospel Lk 21:29-33

Friday of the Thirty-fourth Week in Ordinary Time
Lectionary: 507