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From: 1 Timothy 4:12-16

Pastoral Advice to Timothy

[12] Let no one despise your youth, but set the believers an example in speech
and conduct, in love, in faith, in purity. [13] Till I come, attend to the public rea-
ding of scripture, to preaching, to teaching. [14] Do not neglect the gift you have,
which was given you by prophetic utterance when the elders laid their hands upon
you. [15] Practise these duties, devote yourself to them, so that all may see your
progress. [16] Take heed to yourself and to your teaching; hold to that, for by so
doing you will save both yourself and your hearers.

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Commentary:

12-13. A good minister should be a model of virtue. Timothy was obviously very
young for the office he held; the Apostle therefore keeps telling him that he must
give good example because virtues give a person more experience than age
does.

“Reading, preaching, teaching”: all three were done at the liturgical assemblies
of the early Christians (and continue to be done during the Liturgy of the Word
at Mass): some texts of Sacred Scripture were read and then the minister gave
a homily which would have included some words of encouragement and some
doctrinal instruction.

14. The gift referred to here is that of the sacrament of Order: it is a permanent
gift (”the gift you have”) from God, bestowed by an external rite consisting of
liturgical prayer and the laying on of hands. This interpretation is derived from
the context: the “gift” (charism) is indelible (Timothy may neglect it but he can
never lose it); therefore, it does not refer to sanctifying grace but to the priestly
“character” or mark which the sacrament imprints along with the grace of the
sacrament itself.

The “prophetic utterances”, which in the New Testament means “public tea-
chings (cf. note on 1 Tim 1 18-19) or words spoken in God’s name, here refers
to the prayers used in the ordination rite.

The “laying on of hands” is another technical expression. Jesus used this ges-
ture many times (cf. Mt 9:18-19, 19:15; Mk 6:5; 7:32; 8:23-25; 16:8; Lk 4:40;
13:13); the Apostles used it as a rite for bringing down the Holy Spirit (Acts 8:
17; 19:6). Here, as elsewhere in these letters, the laying on of hands is the rite
of priestly ordination (cf. 1 Tim 5:22; 2 Tim 1:6), whereby the mission and powers
of the person performing the rite are passed on, thereby ensuring continuity of
priesthood. In 2 Timothy 1:6, a parallel text, it says “through the laying on of my
hands”; whereas here it says “when the elders laid their hands on you”. The
participles “through” and “when” imply that the action of imposition of hands is
an essential part of the sacrament.

The Church has preserved intact the essential elements of the sacrament of
Order—the laying on of hands and the consecrating words of the bishop (cf.
Paul VI, Apost. Const. “Pontificalis Romani Recognitio”, 18 July 1968).

15-16. As well as being mindful of his grace of ordination, the Christian minister
must remain true to his obligations: “Take heed to yourself”. Although the calling
to Church office does not demand exceptional qualities in the candidate, he still
needs to be exemplary and to put special effort into developing virtues or else his
ministry will not be nearly as productive as it might be. “Apostolic soul: first of
all, yourself. Our Lord has said, through St Matthew: ‘When the day of Judgment
comes, many will say to me, Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, work
many miracles in your name? Then I shall tell them to their faces: I have never
known you; away from me, you evil men.’ God forbid—says St Paul—that I, who
have preached to others should myself be rejected” (St. J. Escriva, “The Way”,
930).

“Hold to that”, literally “hold to these things”: probably a reference to the various
points made in this chapter and perhaps also to things the Apostle had at diffe-
rent times told Timothy to keep an eye on. Perseverance is necessary for the
minister himself and for the good of the people to whom he ministers.

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Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.

Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.

From: Luke 7:36-50

The Woman Who was a Sinner

[36] One of the Pharisees asked him to eat with him, and he went into the Pha-
risee’s house, and sat at table. [37] And behold, a woman of the city, who was
a sinner, when she learned that he was sitting at table in the Pharisee’s house,
brought an alabaster flask of ointment, [38] and standing behind him at his feet,
weeping, she began to wet his feet with her tears; and wiped them with the hair
of her head, and kissed his feet, and anointed them with the ointment. [39] Now
when the Pharisee who had invited him saw it, he said to himself, “If this man
were a prophet, he would have known who and what sort of woman this is who
is touching him, for she is a sinner.” [40] And Jesus answering said to him, “Si-
mon, I have something to say to you.” And he answered, “What is it, Teacher?”

[41] “A certain creditor had two debtors; one owed five hundred denarii and the
other fifty. [42] When they could not pay, he forgave them both. Now which of
them will love him more?” [43] Simon answered, “The one, I suppose, to whom
he forgave more.” And he said to him, “You have judged rightly.” [44] Then tur-
ning toward the woman he said to Simon, “Do you see this woman? I entered
your house, you gave me no water for my feet, but she has wet my feet with her
tears and wiped them with her hair. [45] You gave me no kiss, but from the time
I came in she has not ceased to kiss my feet. [46] You did not anoint my head
with oil, but she has anointed my feet with ointment. [47] Therefore I tell you,
her sins, which are many, are forgiven little, for she loved much; but he who is
forgiven, loves little.” [48] And he said to her, “Your sins are forgiven.” [49] Then
those who were at table with him began to say among themselves, “Who is this,
who even forgives sins?” [50] And he said to the woman, “Your faith has saved
you; go in peace.”

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Commentary:

36-40. This woman, moved no doubt by grace, was attracted by Christ’s prea-
ching and by what people were saying about him.

When dining, people reclined on low divans leaning on their left arm with their
legs tucked under them, away from the table. A host was expected to give his
guest a kiss of greeting and offer him water for his feet, and perfumes.

41-50. In this short parable of the two debtors Christ teaches us three things—his
own divinity and his power to forgive sins; the merit the woman’s love deserves;
and the discourtesy implied in Simeon’s neglecting to receive Jesus in the con-
ventional way. Our Lord was not interested in these social niceties as such but in
the affection which they expressed; that was why he felt hurt at Simeon’s neglect.

“Jesus notices the omission of the expression of human courtesy and refinement
which the Pharisee failed to show him. Christ is ‘perfectus Deus, perfectus homo’
(”Athanasian Creed”). He is perfect God, the second person of the Blessed Trinity,
and perfect man. He comes to save, not to destroy nature. It is from him that we
learn that it is unchristian to treat our fellow men badly, for they are creatures of
God, made in his image and likeness (Gen 1:26)” (St. J. Escriva, “Friends of
God”, 73).

Moreover, the Pharisee was wrong to think badly of this sinner and of Jesus: rec-
koning that Christ did not know anything about her, he complained inwardly. Our
Lord, who could read the secret thoughts of men (which showed his divinity), in-
tervened to point out to him his mistake. True righteousness, says St Gregory the
Great (cf. “In Evangelia Homiliae”, 33), is compassionate; whereas false righteous-
ness is indignant. There are many people like this Pharisee: forgetting that they
themselves were or are poor sinners, when they see other people’s sin they imme-
diately become indignant, instead of taking pity on them, or else they rush to judge
them or sneer at them. They forget what St Paul says: “Let any one who thinks
that he stands take heed lest he fall” (1 Cor 10:12); “Brethren, if any man is over-
taken in any trespass, you who are spiritual should restore him in a spirit of gentle-
ness [...]. Bear one another’s burdens, and so fulfill the law of Christ” (Gal 6:1-2).

We should strive to have charity govern all our judgments. Otherwise, we will easi-
ly be unjust towards others. “Let us be slow to judge. Each one see things from
his own point of view, as his mind, with all its limitations, tells him, and through
eyes that are often dimmed and clouded by passion.... Of what little worth are
the judgments of men! Don’t judge without sifting your judgment in prayer” (St. J.
Escriva, “The Way”, 451).

Charity and humility will allow us to see in the sins of others our own weak and
helpless position, and will help our hearts go out to the sorrow of every sinner
who repents, for we too would fall into sins as serious or more serious if God in
his mercy did not stay by our side.

“It was not the ointment that the Lord loved”, St Ambrose comments, “but the af-
fection; it was the woman’s faith that pleased him, her humility. And you also, if
you desire grace, increase your love; pour over the body of Jesus Christ your faith
in the Resurrection, the perfume of the holy Church and the ointment of charity
towards others” (”Expositio Evangelii sec. Lucam, in loc.”).

47. Man cannot merit forgiveness for his sins because, since God is the offended
party, they are of infinite gravity. We need the sacrament of Penance, in which
God forgives us by virtue of the infinite merits of Jesus Christ; there is only one
indispensable condition for winning God’s forgiveness—our love, our repentance.
We are pardoned to the extent that we love; when our heart is full of love there is
no longer any room in it for sin because we have made room for Jesus, and he
says to us as he said to this woman, “Your sins are forgiven.” Repentance is a
sign that we love God. But it was God who first loved us (cf.1 Jn 4:10). When God
forgives us he is expressing his love for us. Our love for God is, then, always a re-
sponse to his initiative. By forgiving us God helps us to be more grateful and more
loving towards him. “He loves little”, St Augustine comments, “who has little forgi-
ven. You say that you have not committed many sins: but why is that the case?
[...] The reason is that God was guiding you [...]. There is no sin that one man
commits, which another may not commit also unless God, man’s maker, guides
him” (”Sermon”, 99, 6). Therefore, we ought to fall ever more deeply in love with
our Lord, not only because he forgives us our sins but also because he helps us
by means of his grace not to commit them.

50. Jesus declares that it was faith that moved this woman to throw herself at
his feet and show her repentance; her repentance wins his forgiveness. Similarly,
when we approach the sacrament of Penance we should stir up our faith in the
fact that it is “not a human but a divine dialogue. It is a tribunal of divine justice
and especially of mercy, with a loving judge who ‘has no pleasure in the death
of the wicked; I desire that the wicked turn back from his way and live’ (Ezek
33:11)” (St. J. Escriva, “Christ Is Passing By”, 78).

Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.