From: 2 Kings 11:1-4, 9-18, 20
Athaliah, queen of Judah (842-836)
Joash anointed king of Judah
[9] The captains did according to all that Jehoiada the priest commanded, and
each brought his men who were to go off duty on the Sabbath, with those who
were to come on duty on the Sabbath, and came to Jehoiada the priest. [10]
And the priest delivered to the captains the spears and shields that had been
King David’s, which were in the house of the Lord; [11] and the guards stood,
every man with his weapons in his hand, from the south side of the house to
the north side of the house, around the altar and the house. [12] Then he
brought out the king’s son, and put the crown upon him, and gave him the testi-
mony; and they proclaimed him king, and anointed him; and they clapped their
hands, and said, “Long live the king!”
Death of Athaliah
Joash takes up his throne
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Commentary:
11:1-12:22. Through the sons of Ahab, worship of Baal began to be practised
not only in Israel but also in Judah through King Joram’s marriage to Athaliah,
of the house of Ahab (cf. 8:25-27). This meant that Judah, too, had to undergo
the same sort of cleansing as Jehu had forced on the Northern kingdom. Chap-
ters 11 and 12, in this sense, parallel the preceding ones. But in Judah there
was to be no change of dynasty: the line of David must continue, in keeping
with the promise of 2 Samuel 7:1-17. Therefore, God steers events in another
way – through the providential rescue of a son of the king (vv. 1-3), who is anoin-
ted (v. 12) in the temple, and after the death of the idolatrous queen, through the
renewal of the Covenant (vv. 17-18) and the enthronement of David’s descendant
(vv. 19-20).
11:1-3. Athaliah acts out of greed for power: she wants no rivals for the throne.
But eliminating the house of David was at odds with God’s plan (cf. 2 Sam 7:1-
17). The temple of Jerusalem and its priesthood symbolized divine protection of
the Jehoash. According to 2 Chronicles 22:11 Jeho-shabe-ath was the wife of the
chief priest, Jehoiada, and, although the daughter of King Jehoram, she would
have been the daughter of another wife of the king; that is, she and Athaliah would
have been half-sisters. The account in the book of Chronicles (which pays closer
attention than Kings to temple affairs) has more to say about the family of Jeho-
ram (cf. 2 Chron 21-22).
11:4-12. It is significant that Jehoiada begins to take action in the seventh year,
for this was a jubilee year, a year of rest, redemption and deliverance (cf. Lev
25:2-7). The Carites were mercenaries who took service with whomever paid
them; they may have been the Cherethites mentioned in 1 Kings 1:38. The “tes-
timony” (v. 12), interpreted as “royal insignia” in the Septuagint, is more likely to
have been a list of royal titles belonging to the anointed, or a copy of the ten com-
mandments (described in Exodus 25:16 as “testimonies”), or, more likely still, a
document listing the king’s duties towards the Covenant established with God in
Deuteronomy 17:14-20. Anyway, the theme of the Covenant is present in the
narrative (cf. v. 17).
11:13-16. The house of the Lord is sacred, and therefore blood may not be spilt
within it. The sacred writer records this detail, possibly drawing a contrast with
what happened in the temple of Baal in Samaria where Jehu killed the priests
(cf. 10:25).
11:17-18. Following on the religious infidelity and social changes imposed by
the recent kings of Judah, the Covenant with the Lord needed to be renewed; the
people needed to commit itself to being the people of God, as it had been done
at other key points (cf. Ex 24; Jn 24). There was also need to re-establish the
relationship between king and people in line with the traditional pact described
in 2 Samuel 5:3. Idolatry must have made big inroads in Jerusalem if there was
a temple of Baal in the city (Athaliah’s doing, no doubt).
11:19-20. Following the death of Athaliah comes this little item which seems to
be from a different tradition from that in v. 16. The sacred writer does not count
Athaliah as a monarch of Judah, as one can see from the fact that the account
ends without the usual summary of her reign.
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Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.
Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.
From: Matthew 6:19-23
Trust in God’s Fatherly Providence
[22] “The eye is the lamp of the body. So, if your eye is sound, your whole body
will be full of light; [23] but if your eye is not sound, your whole body will be full
of darkness.”
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Commentary:
19-21. The idea here is very clear: man’s heart yearns for a treasure which will
give him security and happiness. However, every treasure in the form of earthly
goods—wealth, property—becomes a constant source of worry, because there is
always the risk we will lose it or because the effort to protect it is such a strain.
Against this, Jesus teaches us here that our true treasure lies in good works and
an upright life, which will be eternally rewarded by God in Heaven. That indeed is
a treasure which one never loses, a treasure on which Christ’s disciple should put
his heart.
Jesus closes the teaching contained in the preceding verses with a kind of refrain
(verse 21). He is not saying that people should be unconcerned about earthly
things; what He does say is that no created thing can be “the treasure”, the ult-
imate aim, of man. What man should do is make his way to God, sanctify him-
self and give all glory to God, by making right use of the noble things of the earth:
“Whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do all to the glory of God” (1 Co-
rinthians 10:31; cf. Colossians 3:17).
22-23. Here is another jewel of Jesus’ wisdom teaching. It begins with a sentence
which is then immediately explained. The Master uses the simile of the eye as a
lamp which provides the body with light. Christian exegesis has seen this “eye”,
this “lamp”, as meaning the motivation behind our behavior. St. Thomas explains
it in this way: “The eye refers to motive. When a person wants to do something,
he first forms an intention: thus, if your intention is sound—simple and clear—that
is to say, if it is directed towards God, your whole body, that is, all your actions,
will be sound, sincerely directed towards good” (St. Thomas Aquinas, “Commen-
tary on St. Matthew”, 6, 22-23).
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Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.
Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.