Does the Roman Catholic Church restrict the reception of wine as well as bread at the Eucharist? If so, what’s the reason?
The Latin Church used to restrict the reception of communion to the consecrated host. Following 2nd Vatican Council, they began administering communion under both species. In the Eastern Catholic Churches, the Eucharist has always been distributed under both species but by intinction and only by a validly ordained priest or deacon.
In the usus antiquor celebration of Holy Mass, only the priest receives the Sacred Blood of Christ. The Body of Christ is received by him and then offered to the congregants. In the novus ordo (re Vatican II reforms), both were offered to the laity via the priest and NUMEROUS extraordinary ministers.
It is not necessary for the laity to receive the Precious Blood in addition to the Communion host. The consecrated host is the Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity of Our Lord Jesus Christ.
People who are allergic to wheat and cannot receive the consecrated host, can always receive the Precious Blood
The complete Body and Blood of Christ is contained in each species.