I believe they'd be the "spirits" of water, earth, air and fire -- hallmarks of animism. A Muslim once told me that the Arabs were animists before Mohammed.
The 'elemental spirits' are seen in various categories. Universal, earthy, spiritual in nature,....Astrology, magic, pagan worship, traditions of men, demonic influences and the like,... which were prevalent at the time of Collossians writing. But all point to “winds of doctrine” (see verse above)