All Mormons believe this? Is it part of their doctrine
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All the mormons I knew did. It was taught at BYU, in Sunday school, Sacrament meetings, Joseph Smith taught it, as have other leaders down through the history of the Church.
If God was once man, which they also teach, then He lived on an earth, and had to live the ‘mormon’ gospel so he could ‘progess’ to godhood and had a God of his own to worship.
Here is just one quote...
“But if God the Father was not always God, but came to his present exalted position by degrees of progress as indicated in the teachings of the prophet, how has there been a God from all eternity? The answer is that there has been and there now exists an endless line of Gods, stretching back into the eternities, that had no beginning and will have no end. Their existence runs parallel with endless duration, and their dominions are as limitless as boundless space.” - B. H. Roberts, New Witnesses for God, 3 vols., 1:, p.476
We just visited Kolob Canyon in Zion park, obviously a re-creation of the Mormon god's boyhood home planet. Very pretty.
IF??
"It is the first principle of the Gospel to know for a certainty the character of God...
He was once a man like us; ...
God himself, the Father of us all, dwelt on an earth, the same as Jesus Christ himself did"
(Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, pp. 345-46)