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4.2 Justification as Forgiveness of Sins and Making Righteous
22.We confess together that God forgives sin by grace and at the same time frees human beings from sin's enslaving power and imparts the gift of new life in Christ. When persons come by faith to share in Christ, God no longer imputes to them their sin and through the Holy Spirit effects in them an active love. These two aspects of God's gracious action are not to be separated, for persons are by faith united with Christ, who in his person is our righteousness (1 Cor 1:30): both the forgiveness of sin and the saving presence of God himself. Because Catholics and Lutherans confess this together, it is true to say that:
23.When Lutherans emphasize that the righteousness of Christ is our righteousness, their intention is above all to insist that the sinner is granted righteousness before God in Christ through the declaration of forgiveness and that only in union with Christ is one's life renewed. When they stress that God's grace is forgiving love ("the favor of God"[12]), they do not thereby deny the renewal of the Christian's life. They intend rather to express that justification remains free from human cooperation and is not dependent on the life-renewing effects of grace in human beings.
24.When Catholics emphasize the renewal of the interior person through the reception of grace imparted as a gift to the believer,[13] they wish to insist that God's forgiving grace always brings with it a gift of new life, which in the Holy Spirit becomes effective in active love. They do not thereby deny that God's gift of grace in justification remains independent of human cooperation. [cf. Sources for section 4.2].
However, the bulk of Protestant thought remains in opposition to the Catholic teaching:
.. while the Joint Declaration is uniquely significant because fo the status accorded to it, it is not the most satisfactory document from the point of view of teasing out the real points of difference. [...] To give one important example, Justifications by Faith (*) unequivocally acknowledges the Lutheran doctrine of imputed alien righteousness (paragraphs 98-101) but in the Joint declaration this has been weakened to become forgiveness/non-imputation of sin (paragraphs 22f.), a concept that Catholics have always held. This failure to acknowledge a key element of the traditional Protestant doctrine is a serious omission.(*) The reference is to the common statement produced in 1983 between the Catholic Church and Lutheran world Ministries [A-x]