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Hey, Who Are You Calling a Cult?
Belief.net ^ | Orson Scott Card

Posted on 05/06/2008 10:06:47 PM PDT by sevenbak

He wrote to me in all innocence, a reader from a Catholic country where Mormon missionaries had only recently begun to gather congregations of believers. "I asked my priest," he said, "and he told me that Mormons are a cult."

Setting aside the obvious riposte ("What did you think your priest would tell you, that Mormonism was true Christianity as restored by God to living prophets?"), I think it's worth considering just what we mean by "cult" and seeing whether it applies to the Mormon Church.

Cult as Bad Word

Anti-Mormons use "cult" the way gay activists use "homophobe"--as an ad hominem epithet hurled to try to silence any persuasive opponent whose ideas can't be countered on their merits.

When used this way, "cult" just means "religion I want you to fear so much you won't listen to them." Or even, "religion I want you to hate so much that you will remove it from the list of churches that deserve constitutional protection."

But just as "homophobe" has a core meaning (someone with a pathological fear of homosexuality to the degree that it interferes with his life), so also with "cult." The only reason it works as name-calling is because there really are religious groups that do--and should--scare us.

There are real examples of what we mean by cults: Jim Jones' group that destroyed itself in mass murder and suicide in Guyana, or those sneaker-wearing folks who killed themselves to join aliens approaching behind a comet. And even though the Branch Davidians may not have been as monstrous as they were depicted in the media, they still clearly fall within what we mean by that word.

What do they have in common?

Charismatic Founder. Cults gather around charismatic individuals who are the sole source of truth to their followers.

Exploitation. The leader enriches himself through the financial contributions of the members, or gathers personal power that he uses to exploit members in other ways to benefit himself. If the group survives the leader's death, it remains a cult if his successors continue that exploitation.

Automatons. The members are discouraged from thinking for themselves, and, insofar as possible, are turned into unquestioning "obedience machines."

Withdrawal and Isolation. Perhaps because exploitation and obedience are easiest to maintain when the ordinary world can't offer its distractions and attractions, cults tend to withdraw physically, seeking ever greater isolation. This is often used as part of the conversion process, to keep the prospective member from hearing counterarguments.

Are All Religions Cults?

It's worth pointing out that there are very few religions of any size or influence that did not begin with a charismatic founder and whose members did not seem, to outsiders, to behave in much the way I've just described. A humble, wise teacher can always be charged with "setting himself up as the sole source of truth" merely because he offers any unusual idea. The gathering of money to help the poor or pay for meetinghouses or publications can be called "exploitation." The natural desire of converts to live according to the teachings of their leader can look like lockstep blind obedience to those who live a different way. And if outsiders persecute the new religion, it is only natural that adherents will want to band together and get away, if only for a few hours at a time, to be able to practice their religion in peace.

All religions have a body of teachings that becomes a lens through which the believers see the world around them. To those who don't believe, the lens seems to be a distortion of reality--though of course, those unbelievers are merely distorting reality their own way, through their own lens. No one sees reality without passing the data through the lens of their own preconceptions.

All religions also form a community, however loosely organized, of like-minded believers who set the standard of correctness. Whether that standard is rigid or relaxed, those who cross it are expelled from the community and are treated as heretics, apostates, or infidels. Severe treatment of heretics can be found from the lowliest cult to the largest church, from the most rigid sect to "open"-minded, post-religious academia.

You have to get fairly close to a new religion in order to see whether it is acting like a cult or like a religion. Most of those who hurl the word "cult," however, do not bother to get close. And those who do are often so grimly determined to attack that they distort all evidence in order to support the charge.

How Does Mormonism Measure Up?

Joseph Smith was a charismatic leader, but he was murdered 156 years ago. Nowadays, we have leaders who, while sometimes gifted at communication, are rarely of the dramatic, movement-founding type. Indeed, I feel safe in saying that the majority in my lifetime have been rather dull and gray, and they are followed far more because of their office than because of any personal charisma.

Exploitation? As for exploitative leadership, this charge is absolutely false and always has been. Joseph Smith passed the money test with flying colors: He died poor and in debt, not because of profligate spending, but because any money that flowed into his hands flowed right back out again in attempts to benefit the saints and build the church.

In the years since, a handful of church offices have become salaried, but the salaries are merely enough to sustain normal family life. The perks of wealth are shunned even by those church leaders who were rich before being called to one of those rare salaried offices. And church leaders constantly struggle to eliminate the sycophancy, the cult of personality, and the general "sucking up" that are bound to arise in any hierarchical organization.

By any honest measure, Mormon church leaders, from Joseph Smith on, have a remarkable record of genuine humility. They really do try to be the servants rather than the masters of the saints. Automatons? Those who have actually lived in a Mormon ward--and especially those who have tried to lead a group of Mormons in any kind of activity--can all affirm one truth: Mormons may well be the most stubborn, independent-minded group of people ever assembled as a religious community.

Joseph Smith received a revelation that established the only style of leadership that actually works in the Mormon church (or, in the long run, anywhere): You can only lead by persuasion, by love, by patience, by your own willingness to learn from those you lead. Every now and then, some local Mormon leader will try to give orders or attempt to manipulate people into doing things his way. But he very quickly learns that the more he does that, the less obedient we Mormons become.

Far from being robots, most of us Mormons are, by inclination and by doctrine, determined to make up our own minds about everything. It's a core doctrine of Mormonism that each member of the church is personally and individually responsible for their own relationship with God.

Isolation? As for the cultish trait of isolating converts from any other influence, or brainwashing them till they can't think for themselves, our method of teaching would-be proselytes is the opposite. We usually teach them in their own homes. Our missionaries come for a little while and then leave them to themselves to read, ponder, and pray. We counter the attacks of anti-Mormons by telling the truth about our beliefs and practices, not by trying to cut off contact with our opponents.

Far from becoming isolated, a new convert to Mormonism is taught to be more respectful and loving to parents, spouse, children, and other family members and friends. They usually do better at their careers and education, and if withdrawal takes place it is because their new Mormon lifestyle and beliefs are rejected by their family or friends.

Kettles and Pots

On all these points, I daresay that the Mormon church is less cult-like than many of the religions that delight in calling us one.

Indeed, calling Mormonism a cult is usually an attempt to get people to behave like robots, blindly obeying the command that they reject Mormonism without any independent thought. Kettles, as they say, calling the pot black.

Here's the simplest statement I can make: If Mormonism were a cult, I would know it, and I would not be in it.


TOPICS: History; Religion & Politics; Theology
KEYWORDS: christ; cults; lds; mormon; ob
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To: sevenbak
I don't believe Mormons are a cult... but that little Texas pedophile bunch that used the Mormon name was a cult.

And if real Mormons had any sense, they would be condemning them before the rest of even had a chance to get started.

101 posted on 05/08/2008 3:21:15 PM PDT by GOPJ
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To: greyfoxx39
>>>> "Non-Mormon must be excluded even from
>>>> witnessing Mormon marriages."

>> True. Not only "non-mormons" but the mormons
>> who fail the entrance test described in the
>> temple recommend questions below, are refused
>> entry to the weddings of friends and
>> families, including parents and children of
>> the couple. The practice has been for those
>> excluded from the ceremony to wait around to be
>> included in the family pictures following.

I can attest to what you wrote being absolutely true. After I lost my belief in Joseph Smith being a "true prophet" I was excluded from being able to witness the weddings of 3 siblings. And having served in a Bishopric myself I can attest that the temple recommend questions as you described are fully accurate. However the church leaders are generally quite flexible in their interpretation of what constitutes a pass -vs- fail on all the questions except one. And that question is about tithing. If you are not a full tithe-payer then you cannot get a temple recommend and you will be excluded from any temple weddings for which you are invited. That's why I call the Mormon Temple Endowment Film the highest grossing movie of all time.

Do they really think it gives them more strength in their loins and sinews to exclude relatives from attending the temple ceremonies?

102 posted on 05/08/2008 3:28:20 PM PDT by Degaston
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To: GOPJ
They really can't condemn the teachings/practices of this Texas pedophile bunch because these pedophiles are basically doing the same thing that the early Mormon leaders Joseph Smith and Brigham Young did regarding the doctrine of the plurality of wives and their attitudes/practices in contrast to the laws of the state/nation where they reside. BTW Brigham Young, Heber C. Kimball, John Taylor, Orson Pratt and the other leading Brethren basically taught around 150 years ago that the whole Mormon church would be damned if they ever gave up polygamy. They also taught that monogamy (the institution of men having just one wife at a time) was an evil institution that led to the downfall of Rome and has caused much evil in the world. See http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=%22monogamy%22+%22Mormon%22+%22evil%22 to do more research on this.
103 posted on 05/08/2008 3:34:53 PM PDT by Degaston
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To: Degaston
See http://www.zianet.com/collier/suspens.htm for some references that most LDS members wish didn't exist. If you want to find out if a Mormon is honest and seriously wants to be truthful then ask them to confirm whether or not these references are accurate. Thus you'll find out if they are dishonest, like an ostrich sticking their head in the sand or honorable.
104 posted on 05/08/2008 3:42:48 PM PDT by Degaston
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To: Degaston; colorcountry; Pan_Yans Wife; MHGinTN; Colofornian; Elsie; FastCoyote; Osage Orange; ...

For research purposes, ping to #104


105 posted on 05/08/2008 3:48:13 PM PDT by greyfoxx39 (FLDS.... making babies with children because their God wants earthly bodies for spirit babies.)
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To: greyfoxx39
Sixth president/prophet of the LDS church Joseph F. Smith said in the Journal of Discourses, Volume 20, page 31: “I understand the law of celestial marriage to mean that every man in this Church, who has the ability to obey and practice it in righteousness and will not, shall be damned, I say I understand it to mean this and nothing less, and I testify in the name of Jesus that it does mean that.”

And we, ... are believers in the principles of plural marriage or polygamy, ... as a principle revealed by God, underlying our every hope of eternal salvation and happiness in heaven ... we cannot view plural marriage in any other light than as a vital principle of our religion (Millennial Star, vol. 40, pp.226-27).

George Q. Cannon said that if he "had not obeyed that command of God, concerning plural marriage, I believe that I would have been damned" (Journal of Discourses, vol. 23, p.278).

Brigham Young declared on August 19, 1866: "The only men who become Gods, even the Sons of God, are those who enter into polygamy" (Journal of Discourses, vol. 11, p.269).

At one time Joseph Smith told Heber C. Kimball that if he didn't enter into polygamy "he would lose his apostleship and be damned" (Life of Heber C. Kimball, p.336).

106 posted on 05/08/2008 3:55:04 PM PDT by Degaston
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To: greyfoxx39

107 posted on 05/08/2008 4:14:47 PM PDT by Elsie (Heck is where people, who don't believe in Gosh, think they are not going...)
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To: Degaston; greyfoxx39
....said ....

Such hate speech, quoting mormon prophets and apostles.

108 posted on 05/08/2008 4:19:56 PM PDT by Godzilla (I'm out of my mind, but feel free to leave a message.)
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To: SZonian

You probably don’t want to say to the world what state you are in, but can you at least tell me if you are in heavily Mormon territories? (Hawaii, Utah, parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Idaho or Nevada)


109 posted on 05/08/2008 5:55:07 PM PDT by dangus
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To: zerosix

What other gods do Mormons worship? If you are going to accuse, you should be able to name them.

Oh, yeah . . .


110 posted on 05/08/2008 8:20:01 PM PDT by Old Mountain man (Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice!)
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Comment #111 Removed by Moderator

To: Old Mountain man
What other gods do Mormons worship?
If you are going to accuse, you should be able to name them.

He probably has been misinformed.

However; your Mormon 'god' DOES have TWO physical bodies!

 
 
 
 
 
http://scriptures.lds.org/en/js_h/1/19#19
 
 
It no sooner appeared than I found myself delivered from the enemy which held me bound. When the light rested upon me I saw two Personages, whose brightness and glory defy all description, standing above me in the air. One of them spake unto me, calling me by name and said, pointing to the other—This is My Beloved Son. Hear Him!
 


 

2 Corinthians 11:12-15
 12.  And I will keep on doing what I am doing in order to cut the ground from under those who want an opportunity to be considered equal with us in the things they boast about.
 13.  For such men are false apostles, deceitful workmen, masquerading as apostles of Christ.
 14.  And no wonder, for Satan himself masquerades as an angel of light.
 15.  It is not surprising, then, if his servants masquerade as servants of righteousness. Their end will be what their actions deserve.

Like THOSE guys??
 
 

112 posted on 05/09/2008 6:14:53 AM PDT by Elsie (Heck is where people, who don't believe in Gosh, think they are not going...)
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To: sevenbak
As to tithing, I can't help but wonder how long you would have lasted in the primitive Church when Peter demanded that they have all things in common.

DEMANDED???

I guess one does not need to KNOW to much to be a BISHOP!

113 posted on 05/09/2008 6:15:47 AM PDT by Elsie (Heck is where people, who don't believe in Gosh, think they are not going...)
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To: Elsie
Acts 5:
1 But a certain man named Ananias, with Sapphira his wife, sold a possession,
2 And kept back part of the price, his wife also being privy to it, and brought a certain part, and laid it at the apostles’ feet.
3 But Peter said, Ananias, why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Ghost, and to keep back part of the price of the land?
4 Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God.
5 And Ananias hearing these words fell down, and agave up the ghost: and great fear came on all them that heard these things.
6 And the young men arose, wound him up, and carried him out, and buried him.
7 And it was about the space of three hours after, when his wife, not knowing what was done, came in.
8 And Peter answered unto her, Tell me whether ye sold the land for so much? And she said, Yea, for so much.
9 Then Peter said unto her, How is it that ye have agreed together to tempt the Spirit of the Lord? behold, the feet of them which have buried thy husband are at the door, and shall carry thee out.
10 Then fell she down straightway at his feet, and yielded up the ghost: and the young men came in, and found her dead, and, carrying her forth, buried her by her husband.
11 And great fear came upon all the church, and upon as many as heard these things.
114 posted on 05/09/2008 7:59:56 AM PDT by sevenbak (1 Corinthians 2:14)
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To: dangus

It’s not a problem, I’m in SoCal which has some pretty large enclaves. The area I’m in has a pretty decent size population of mormons and seeing as how I’m in Scouting, I interact with quite a few of them on a pretty regular basis in that capacity. Most are pretty regular folks, some, pretty aloof. I work hard not to judge them based on their faith, but on their actions and behavior. A jerk is a jerk is a jerk kind of thing. But I find that most anywhere I go.

Regards,
SZ


115 posted on 05/09/2008 9:23:17 PM PDT by SZonian (Back with a vengeance)
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To: SZonian

The reason I asked whether you were from Mormon territory is this:

You’re the guy; you’re in gentile territory; and both of you are converts, which I’ll presume means you have non-Mormon families. There’s no way social pressure would work at driving you back to the Mormon church, since given your situation your wife would almost certainly chose you over the Mormon church if she were faced with a decision.

Of course, the fact that your residence in gentile territory means the local Mormons can’t use social pressure to bring you back into the fold doesn’t mean that they would if they could.


116 posted on 05/10/2008 7:30:50 AM PDT by dangus
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To: sevenbak

Wow, so you regard Peter to have used murderous terror to shake down his flock for money? What a nice guy he must have been.

The rest of the community had shared everything they had out of openness, not coercion under pains of physical death! The issue with Ananias and Sapphira was that they had pretended to give all they had.


117 posted on 05/10/2008 7:37:12 AM PDT by dangus
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To: sevenbak

... and. for the record, I think it’s far better that religions look after the poor than that the state does, and I think tithing is the biblical way of handling that issue. So kudos to LDS in this regard...

...I’m only meaning to rebuke your own misuse of scripture.


118 posted on 05/10/2008 7:41:23 AM PDT by dangus
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To: dangus; Elsie

No misuse. The antis make such a big deal of Mormons tithing ten percent. The intent of that response to Elsie was to show that it was indeed a commandment.


119 posted on 05/10/2008 8:04:12 AM PDT by sevenbak (1 Corinthians 2:14)
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To: sevenbak

The passage you cite doesn’t say a tithe is a commandment. The Sapphira and Annanias probably gave waaaaayyy more than 10% and were struck dead anyway. They died because they had lied, not because they didn’t tithe. Generosity is a commandment; tithing was an honor-based income tax in a theocracy. Nonetheless, it is potentially a very righteous means to an earthly issue which may be very commendable. But by misapplying scripture, you’ve made what is one of the more beautiful things about Mormonism seem sinister and creepy.


120 posted on 05/10/2008 8:54:45 AM PDT by dangus
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