Some might find Romans 1 and 2 a great meditation for the points you have raised about those who never knew His name.
Concerning "what's in a name" though, I'd like to point out that some Jewish mysticism asserts that a name is a description or revelation of a person. Thus, the Father has many names and they see the Torah as another name for Him. Also, in John 17 - Jesus speaks of declaring the Father's name and Jesus Himself has a name above every other name and one known only to Himself (Revelation, etc.)
True its all tied up in language and languages.. Most know only one language and that one not very well.. God(Father), Jesus, Holy Spirit even our own spirit transcends language.. Something spiritually discerned can transcend any language barrier.. Language is a barrier..
A "name" is just a "handle" anyway like Alamo-girl, Joe, Louie, same thing.... An address for a personality.. Baretta(of TV sitcom cop show fame) called God "Louie".. as he looked up.. LoL.. Why not.?.. if its in reverence..
Some think God can see them naked and is not offended.. I say God sees you naked to your spirit, the body is just clothing.. and is clothing to God..
NOW THATS NAKED brother, ugh,, sister.. God sees you in a way most cannot see themselves.. He sees your spirit.. and the desires of your spirit.. Most people don't like being naked.. If they knew how deeply God sees them, it might freak them out.. Same while we are praying.. Being born again just starts a phase of a humans life when he might actually find out WHO HE IS.. Who his spirit is.. his body is just clothing.. Who we are is much deeper than a body.. much deeper than a "name".. And really much deeper than even we know about, our spirit.. Until God reveals it to us.. The spirit even transcends gender.. Gender is a qualia of the body..
My recommendation is all get re-born if only to find out who they really are.. being reborn spiritually is just a starting point.. as the metaphor implies..
Prayers offered up for the 13 trapped miners in WV, and the rescue teams, and the families.
My three original and real-life (: names mean:
"Consecrated to God" "(by) Grace" "(with) Strength".
As delightful as all that is, it is knowing HIS NAME that is my security! Amen.
Conversely, hosepipe, as you intimate, His Name is "Wonderful". To me this is saying that His Name is so vast, so "full of wonder" that mere man could never plumb its depths.