The Church does not teach that. You are free to interpret events as chastisements from God if you wish, but that is not a dogma of the Catholic Church.
Of course it does and always has, it is biblical. If the message in Akita was not consistent with Church teaching, Cardinal Ratzinger would not have approved it as worthy of belief.
Though we know for a fact that chastisements will precede the end of the world, as revealed in the apocalyptic texts of the New Testament, we cannot be assured that all chastisements signal the final end. God is within His divine prerogative to chastise sinful humanity at anytime, well in advance of the final end, which is simply the application of mercy as a warning, or justice as a punishment. But if the final end is near, believe me, you have seen nothing yet, by way of the chastisements that are in store for humanity. Then again, the end may not be so near. So we live each day as though it could be our last, always in the sanctifying grace of God.