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Anti-Europeanism in America
The Hoover Digest ^ | Spring 2003 | Timothy Garton Ash

Posted on 07/20/2003 12:32:57 PM PDT by quidnunc

American relations with Europe are at their lowest point in decades. What happened?

In the aftermath of the war against Iraq, you will doubtless see more articles in the American press on “Anti-Americanism in Europe.” But what about anti-Europeanism in the United States? Consider this:

To the list of polities destined to slip down the Eurinal of history, we must add the European Union and France’s Fifth Republic. The only question is how messy their disintegration will be. — Mark Steyn, Jewish World Review, May 1, 2002

And:

Even the phrase “cheese-eating surrender monkeys” is used [to describe the French] as often as the French say “screw the Jews.” Oops, sorry, that’s a different popular French expression. — Jonah Goldberg, National Review Online, July 16, 2002

Or, from a rather different corner:

“You want to know what I really think of the Europeans?” asked the senior State Department Official. “I think they have been wrong on just about every major international issue for the past 20 years.” — Quoted by Martin Walker, UPI, November 13, 2002

Statements such as these recently brought me to the United States — to Boston, New York, Washington, and the Bible-belt states of Kansas and Missouri — to look at changing American attitudes toward Europe in the shadow of the Iraq war. Virtually everyone I spoke to on the East Coast agreed that there is a level of irritation with Europe and Europeans higher even than at the last memorable peak, in the early 1980s.

Pens are dipped in acid and lips curled to pillory “the Europeans,” also known as “the Euros,” “the Euroids,” “the ’peens,” or “the Euroweenies.” Richard Perle, now chairman of the Defense Policy Board, says Europe has lost its “moral compass” and France its “moral fiber.” This irritation extends to the highest levels of the Bush administration. In conversations with senior administration officials I found that the phrase “our friends in Europe” was rather closely followed by “a pain in the butt.”

The current stereotype of Europeans is easily summarized. Europeans are wimps. They are weak, petulant, hypocritical, disunited, duplicitous, sometimes anti-Semitic, and often anti-American appeasers. In a word: “Euroweenies.” [Their values and their spines have dissolved in a lukewarm bath of multilateral, transnational, secular, and postmodern fudge.] They spend their euros on wine, holidays, and bloated welfare states instead of on defense. Then they jeer from the sidelines while the United States does the hard and dirty business of keeping the world safe for Europeans. Americans, by contrast, are strong, principled defenders of freedom, standing tall in the patriotic service of the world’s last truly sovereign nation-state.

The Mars-Venus Debate

A study should be written on the sexual imagery of these stereotypes. If anti-American Europeans see “the Americans” as bullying cowboys, anti-European Americans see “the Europeans” as limp-wristed pansies. The American is a virile, heterosexual male; the European is female, impotent, or castrated. Militarily, Europeans can’t get it up. (After all, they have fewer than 20 “heavy lift” transport planes, compared with the United States’ more than 200.) Following a lecture I gave in Boston an aged American tottered to the microphone to inquire why Europe “lacks animal vigor.” (The word “eunuchs” is, I discovered, used in the form “EU-nuchs.”) The sexual imagery even creeps into a more sophisticated account of American-European differences: In an already influential Policy Review article by Robert Kagan of the Carnegie Endowment for Peace entitled “Power and Weakness.” “Americans are from Mars,” writes Kagan approvingly, “and Europeans are from Venus” — echoing that famous book about relations between men and women, Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus.

Not all Europeans are equally bad. The British tend to be regarded as somewhat different and sometimes better. American conservatives often spare the British the opprobrium of being “Europeans” at all — a view with which most British conservatives, still mentally led by Margaret Thatcher, would heartily agree. And Tony Blair, like Thatcher before him, and Churchill before her, is cited in Washington as a shining exception to the European rule.

The worst abuse is reserved for the French — who, of course, give at least as good as they get. I had not realized how widespread in American popular culture is the old English pastime of French-bashing. “You know, France, we’ve saved their butt twice and they never do anything for us,” Verlin “Bud” Atkinson, a World War II veteran, informed me at the Ameristar casino in Kansas City. Talking to high school and college students in Missouri and Kansas, I encountered a strange folk prejudice: The French, it seems, don’t wash. “I felt very dirty a lot,” said one college student, recalling her trip to France. “But you were still cleaner than French guys,” added another.

Two prominent American journalists, Thomas Friedman of the New York Times and Joe Klein of the New Yorker, back from extensive book tours around the United States, separately told me that wherever they went they found anti-French sentiment — you would always get a laugh if you made a dig at the French. The National Review Online editor and self-proclaimed conservative “frog-basher” Jonah Goldberg, who also can be seen on television, has popularized the epithet quoted above, “cheese-eating surrender monkeys,” which first appeared in an episode of The Simpsons. Goldberg told me that when he started writing anti-French pieces for National Review in 1998 he found “there was a market for it.” French-bashing became, he said, “a shtick.”

An Axis of Appeasement?

Clearly it will not do to throw together neoconservative polemics, Kansas City high school students’ prejudices against French bathroom behavior, remarks of a senior State Department official and senior administration officials, and then label the whole bag “anti-Europeanism.” As a European writer, I would not want to treat American “anti-Europeanism” in the way American writers often treat European “anti-Americanism.”

We have to distinguish between legitimate, informed criticism of the EU or current European attitudes and some deeper, more settled hostility to Europe and Europeans as such. Just as American writers should, but often don’t, distinguish between legitimate, informed European criticism of the Bush administration and anti-Americanism, or between legitimate, informed European criticism of the Sharon government and anti-Semitism. The difficult question in each case, one on which knowledgeable people may reasonably disagree, is, Where’s the dividing line?

We also need to keep a sense of humor. One reason Europeans like to laugh at President George W. Bush is that some of the things he has said — or is alleged to have said — are funny. For example: “The problem with the French is that they don’t have a word for entrepreneur.” One reason Americans like to laugh at the French is that there is a long Anglo-Saxon tradition — going back at least to Shakespeare — of laughing at the French. But there’s also a trap here. Conservative writers such as Jonah Goldberg and Mark Steyn make outrageous statements, some of them obviously humorous, some semi-serious, some quite serious. If you object to one of the serious ones, they can always reply, “but of course I was only joking!” Humor works by exaggeration and playing with stereotypes. But if a European writer were to describe “the Jews” as “matzo-eating surrender monkeys” would that be understood as humorous banter? Of course the context is very different: There has been no genocide of the French in the United States. Yet the thought experiment might give our humorists pause.

Anti-Europeanism is not symmetrical with anti-Americanism. The emotional leitmotifs of anti-Americanism are resentment mingled with envy; those of anti-Europeanism are irritation mixed with contempt. Anti-Americanism is a real obsession for entire countries — notably for France, as Jean-François Revel has recently argued. Anti-Europeanism is very far from being an American obsession. In fact, the predominant American popular attitude toward Europe is probably mildly benign indifference, mixed with impressive ignorance. I traveled around Kansas for two days asking people I met, “If I say ‘Europe’ what do you think of?” Many reacted with a long, stunned silence, sometimes punctuated by giggles. Then they said things like “Well, I guess they don’t have much huntin’ down there” (Vernon Masqua, a carpenter in McLouth); “Well, it’s a long way from home” (Richard Souza, whose parents came from France and Portugal); or, after a very long pause for thought, “Well, it’s quite a ways across the pond” (Jack Weishaar, an elderly farmer of German descent). If you said “America” to a farmer or carpenter in even the remotest village of Andalusia or Ruthenia, he would, you may be sure, have a whole lot more to say on the subject.

In Boston, New York, and Washington — “the Bos-Wash corridor” — I was repeatedly told that even people who know the Continent well have become increasingly indifferent toward Europe since the end of the Cold War. Europe is seen neither as a potent ally nor as a serious potential rival, like China. “It’s an old people’s home!” said an American friend who attended both school and university in England. As the conservative pundit Tucker Carlson remarked in an exchange on CNN’s Crossfire: “Who cares what the Europeans think? The EU spends all of its time making sure that British bologna is sold in kilos not pounds. The whole continent is increasingly irrelevant to American interests.”

When I asked a senior administration official what would happen if Europeans went on criticizing the United States from a position of military weakness, the gist of his response was, “Well, does it matter?”

Yet I felt this claim of indifference was also overstated. Certainly, my interlocutors took a lot of time and passion to tell me how little they cared. And the point about the outspoken American critics of Europe is that they are generally not ignorant of or indifferent to Europe. They know Europe — half of them seem to have studied at Oxford or in Paris — and are quick to mention their European friends. Just as most European critics of the United States fiercely deny that they are anti-American (“don’t get me wrong, I love the country and the people”), so they will almost invariably insist that they are not anti-European.

Anti-Americanism and anti-Europeanism are at opposite ends of the political scale. European anti-Americanism is mainly to be found on the left, American anti-Europeanism on the right. The most outspoken American Euro-bashers are neoconservatives using the same sort of combative rhetoric they have habitually deployed against American liberals. In fact, as Jonah Goldberg himself acknowledged to me, “the Europeans” are also a stalking-horse for liberals. So, I asked him, was Bill Clinton a European? “Yes,” said Goldberg, “or at least, Clinton thinks like a European.”

-snip-

(Excerpt) Read more at -hoover.stanford.edu ...


TOPICS: Culture/Society; Extended News; Foreign Affairs
KEYWORDS: antiamericanism; antieuropeanism
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1 posted on 07/20/2003 12:32:57 PM PDT by quidnunc
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To: quidnunc
And the problem is?
2 posted on 07/20/2003 12:39:02 PM PDT by arkfreepdom
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To: quidnunc
And how is that description inaccurate?
3 posted on 07/20/2003 12:54:17 PM PDT by mark_interrupted
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To: quidnunc
Anti-European sentiment in the United States is profoundly reactionary in nature, IMHO. Anti-American sentiment in Europe, on the other hand, is a long-established set of cultural and political stances that has proven useful in the past mostly as a convenient dissociation from the grittier and less congenial aspects of opposing the Soviet Union. To an American - me - it appears as if the claim on the part of sundry members of the EU amounts to "well, we managed to get through the Cold War without major military expenditure, which proves that the world has evolved beyond it." That the current U.S. military predominance has resulted directly from efforts the EU failed to make to hold up its part of the struggle is mentioned very seldom in counterpoint.

There is, as well, a class of individuals steeped in internationalism that has arrogated to itself the right to rule the world without the necessary means to do so, typified disproportionately by Europeans at the moment and those sympathizers point out in the article - Clinton and Chretien, for example - whose ability to rule depends first and foremost on minimizing American influence in favor of its own. I do not see that short of American surrender there is any way of avoiding this inherent conflict. And this approach to world affairs will succeed in the face of resurgent Islam just as it always has - it will lose.

4 posted on 07/20/2003 12:54:30 PM PDT by Billthedrill
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To: quidnunc
Conservative writers such as Jonah Goldberg and Mark Steyn make outrageous statements, some of them obviously humorous, some semi-serious, some quite serious. If you object to one of the serious ones, they can always reply, “but of course I was only joking!”

The old "I was only joking" excuse, eh?

The only anti-Europeanism I have really noticed is a marked increase in hostility to the French for obvious reasons.

There was even this petition:

Give it Back.Net

5 posted on 07/20/2003 1:01:34 PM PDT by jjbrouwer (Sometimes they come back...)
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To: quidnunc
Yes, all of that is so very true, and then there's the bad stuff all those Europeans are doing all the time to everybody including oppressing the downtrodden.
6 posted on 07/20/2003 1:08:32 PM PDT by muawiyah
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To: arkfreepdom
The problem is that the author forgot the correct appellation: EUnuchs.
7 posted on 07/20/2003 1:19:50 PM PDT by SAJ (Trust government, any government, and you're digging your own grave)
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To: quidnunc
If you've ever been in la belle France, you'd agree that the French are dirty and smell.
8 posted on 07/20/2003 1:23:09 PM PDT by dfrussell
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To: quidnunc
also known as “the Euros,” “the Euroids,” “the ’peens,” or “the Euroweenies.”

Is he referring to the Yurps?

You know, people from Yurp.


9 posted on 07/20/2003 1:26:31 PM PDT by Nick Danger (The liberals are slaughtering themselves at the gates of the newsroom)
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To: quidnunc
Most Americans admire what Europe used to stand for--the Graeco-Roman classical tradition, the rise of Christian culture, inventiveness, individuality, love of freedom.

The problem is that ever since about 1914 the Europeans have simply turned their backs on their own heritage. It's only too obvious that Europe is committing racial and cultural suicide. If they don't straighten up very smartly, there will be no Europe in a hundred years.
10 posted on 07/20/2003 1:26:53 PM PDT by Cicero (Marcus Tullius)
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To: quidnunc
He is correct in stating that the conservative right is polarized opposite the Euro/American left. Only he fails to mention that for once the Europeans have pushed the button too many times and now even democrats who are idealogically akin to them are against their retheroic, if not them themselvs.
11 posted on 07/20/2003 1:37:32 PM PDT by Jumper
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To: Cicero
Well, actually its really only the British that have this sort of tradition.

The ideas of freedom and democracy have always been very weak in most of Europe. After all, the people interested in them primarily moved here.

We had to force democracy and freedom on the Germans and Italians, and Spain's democracy is only a few decades old. France, one of the continent's oldest democracies, willingly dumped democracy for fascism at the drop of a hat.

The Europeans are just reverting to authoritarian form. The EU is the mechanism to end democracy over the long term. The system will become a varient of fascism in time, though no one will call it that.

I should clarify here, I do not use the term facism as the Euros do, to mean something I don't like, but as in embodying the corporatist, anti-democratic policies that define what fascism is.
12 posted on 07/20/2003 1:43:28 PM PDT by swilhelm73
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To: Billthedrill
All true. Now that the Europeans' hatefulness toward us has finally gotten our attention and naturally got some "so's your old man" back, NOW the Europeans want everyone to be "reasonable." ESPECIALLY, since Americans put their money where their mouths are! Or aren't. LOL.
13 posted on 07/20/2003 2:02:10 PM PDT by WaterDragon (America the beautiful, I love this nation of immigrants.)
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To: Nick Danger
From the article: "They spend their euros on wine, holidays, and bloated welfare states instead of on defense".

They like quaffing wine and going on holiday? The barbarians!

14 posted on 07/20/2003 2:12:15 PM PDT by jjbrouwer (Sometimes they come back...)
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To: muawiyah
The "euro-peons" are ticked off because Bill Clinton was not able to deliver America to them and the u.n.while he was in office.Those arrogant basta*ds think they are going to change America to another europe.Europe is a damn disgrace to the world and the epitome of cowardice.
15 posted on 07/20/2003 2:27:37 PM PDT by INSENSITIVE GUY
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To: SAJ
or zeropeans
16 posted on 07/20/2003 2:39:08 PM PDT by magua
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To: Cicero
The problem is that ever since about 1914 the Europeans have simply turned their backs on their own heritage. It's only too obvious that Europe is committing racial and cultural suicide. If they don't straighten up very smartly, there will be no Europe in a hundred years.

Right! The question isnt really "why do they hate us?" It is: "Why do they hate themselves and what they as a culture used to stand for?"

I believe it about the politics of left gaining supremacy and destroying the host that leftist parasitism attached itself to. The anti-Americanism is just a symptom of the opverall Euroepan disease.

17 posted on 07/20/2003 2:52:19 PM PDT by WOSG (We liberated Iraq. Now Let's Free Cuba, North Korea, Iran, China, Tibet, Syria, ...)
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To: Billthedrill
Bingo. There's something else to note about the Europeans: their infatuation with Ideas (with a capital 'I' -- a reference to ideas that become virtual secular religions). As the Sovietologist Robert Conquest has pointed out, the recent European infatuation with a united Europe is the concept that has replaced socialism (at least the declared variety) as the north star of European elites.

People who work in communication arts or government-run or subsidized institutions -- what has been adroitly called "the new class" -- typically make up a top social layer of journalists and intellectuals who deal primarily with ideas, not everyday life. Thus wacky schemes seem realistic to them, since they never face a situation they cannot talk their way out of.

It is very much in the interest of these people to promote a world in which they can prosper, and liberal ideas -- with their paternalistic belief that society can be run from the top down if only the "right" people do the running -- is a perfect vehicle for this endeavor. Needless to say, the individuals who promote these schemes really believe they are best for everybody -- it is absurdly easy to convince oneself that what is in one's own interest is in the interest of everyone else.

Of course, when an elite class of society wants to run things, it is going to have to do so through the power of government. Increasing bureaucratization and centralization -- the main concepts implicit in the entire notion of the European Union -- are the major vehicles for accomplishing this. Never having to face reality, and working primarily in a world of like-minded people, the European elites have convinced themselves that their new superstate has abolished war forever. In this they are sorely, and sadly, mistaken. But until the world finds a cure for liberalism, their prattle is an irritant we must all live with.

18 posted on 07/20/2003 3:37:13 PM PDT by Carthago delenda est (Leftism is hypocrisy cubed.)
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To: quidnunc
The euroweenies have taken a free ride on the American taxpayer's defense dollars for a little too long. That was bad enough, but when they had the NERVE to berate us for defending ourselves (without europe's permission!) they went too far. Out of politeness we have kept our resentment of the european mooching to ourselves, but their latest outrage brought out only what we've all been thinking for years. They are a continent of moochers, totally incapable of defending themselves, they expect us to be at their beck and call. They are like those relatives who come to your house for dinner and stay for a month expecting you to pick up the tab for entertaining them.
19 posted on 07/20/2003 3:38:07 PM PDT by McGavin999
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To: quidnunc
"But if a European writer were to describe “the Jews” as “matzo-eating surrender monkeys” would that be understood as humorous banter?"

The French are a people under a political banner. The Jews are a nationality, an ethnic group AND a people. Lotsa of difference.

20 posted on 07/20/2003 3:44:29 PM PDT by lawdude (Liberalism: A failure every time it is tried!)
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