Posted on 02/25/2003 9:55:39 AM PST by Cicero
The mystery of Stalin's death By Leonida Krushelnycky
Fifty years ago, on 5 March 1953, the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin died.
His political life as a dictator who dominated millions has been minutely dissected over the decades.
But his last days continue to provoke speculation and argument.
Did he die of natural causes following a brain haemorrhage or was Stalin killed because he was about to plunge the Soviet Union into a war its people were in no position to fight?
Unusual order
The night of 28 February began in the usual manner for Stalin and his closest political circle, Lavrenty Beria, Nikita Khrushchev, Nikolai Bulganin and Georgi Malenkov.
We were glad when we got this order, and went off to bed without thinking twice Pyotr Lozgachev guard on duty They watched a film in the Kremlin then retired to Stalin's country home, 10 minutes outside Moscow, for yet another night of feasting. By the early hours of 1 March, Stalin's guests had gone back to their homes in Moscow.
What happened next was out of the ordinary for a man as obsessed with security as Stalin. He gave an order for his guards to retire for the night - he was not to be disturbed.
This change to Stalin's normal behaviour intrigued Russian historian Edvard Radzinski, and a few years ago he tracked down one of the guards on duty that night, Pyotr Lozgachev.
Guards worried
It was Lozgachev's testimony of that night that led Radzinski to speculate about what might really have happened.
The guards slept late the following morning, and so, it seemed, did Stalin - 12 o'clock, one, two o'clock came and no Stalin
The guard confirmed that it was not Stalin who gave the guards the order to go to bed, rather the order was conveyed by the main guard Khrustalev. "Stalin would taunt the guards by saying 'Want to go to bed?' and stare into our eyes," Lozgachev said. "As if we'd dare! So of course we were glad when we got this order, and went off to bed without thinking twice."
The guards slept late the following morning, and so, it seemed, did Stalin. Twelve o'clock, one, two o'clock came and no Stalin.
The guards began to get worried, but no one dared to go into his rooms. They had no right to disturb Stalin unless invited into his presence personally.
At 6.30 a light came on in Stalin's rooms, and the guards relaxed a little. But by the time 10 o'clock had chimed they were petrified. Lozgachev was finally sent in to check on Stalin.
"I hurried up to him and said 'Comrade Stalin, what's wrong?' He'd, you know, wet himself while he was lying there. He made some incoherent noise, like "Dz dz". His pocketwatch and copy of Pravda were lying on the floor. The watch showed 6.30. That's when it must have happened to him."
'World War III'
The guards rushed to call Stalin's drinking companions, the Politburo. It was their tardiness in responding and calling for medical help that put questions of doubt in Radzinski's mind.
Did they already know too much and so did not need to hurry to the "old man's" side? Mr Radzinski says Yes. He asserts that Stalin was injected with poison by the guard Khrustalev, under the orders of his master, KGB chief Lavrenty Beria. And what was the reason Stalin was killed?
"All the people who surrounded Stalin understood that Stalin wanted war - the future World War III - and he decided to prepare the country for this war," Mr Radzinski says.
"He said: we have the opportunity to create a communist Europe but we have to hurry. But Beria, Khrushchev, Malenkov and every normal person understood it was terrible to begin a war against America because the country [Russia] had no economy.
"It wasn't a poor but a super-poor country which was destroyed by the German invasion, a country which had no resources but only nuclear weapons.
"It was the reason for his anti-Semitic campaign, it was a provocation. He wanted an answer from America. And Beria knew Stalin had planned on 5 March to begin the deportation of Jewish people from Moscow." As always in Russia, conspiracy piles on conspiracy. Some saw buses parked all round Moscow to take away the Jews. Others glimpsed special barns erected for the deportees in Kazakhstan.
But while the drama unfolded over the next few days in Stalin's country house, the citizens of the Soviet Union were split in their reaction to the imminent death of their leader.
Many openly wept for the man they called '"Father", "Teacher", "God". Others in prison camps across the land allowed themselves to exchange secret smiles and hope that things would be different now.
At 9.50pm on 5 March Stalin died. By the next day his body was lying in state in the Hall of Columns, a few streets from Red Square. It is estimated that several millions came to see him one final time. Several hundred were rumoured to have died in the crush.
Fifty years on, the rumours of intrigues and conspiracies continue. For a tyrant like Joseph Stalin, a simple death would be just too mundane.
The documentary The Last Mystery of Stalin - BBC Radio 4 on Monday, 24 February, 2000 GMT - charts the politics and emotions of a turbulent and truly significant week in Soviet history, through personal recollections and dramatic re-creations.
Presenter: Tim Whewell
Producer: Leonida Krushelnycky
Story from BBC NEWS: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/europe/2793501.stm
Published: 2003/02/24 12:54:58
© BBC MMIII
So9
I hope he rests in pieces.
Beria as Premier would have been a cross between Pol Pot and Kim Il-Jong.
I'm afraid he'll make it until late March, at the earliest...There are some mid-March dates on the "diplomatic" agenda continuing to hold things at bay.
Well, I told you that the man responsible for Stalin's death would be uncovered! I tried to tell everyone, but NOBODY would believe me....
Sadly, Beria understood that "dead men tell no tales"...
Be Seeing You,
Chris
Apparently he was not a popular fellow, even among his compatriots; I recall reading that he was fed into a mini crematorium, conscious, alive, and feet first, while the Politburo members watched.
Anyone recall these specifics?
"The story goes that the first time Stalin's Creatures thought Stalin was dead Beria danced a little jig and said some bad things."I read that he also ran out into the hall to call for his driver, with a triumphant note in his voice.
(ExpatCanuck:)
"I recall reading that he was fed into a mini crematorium, conscious, alive, and feet first, while the Politburo members watched."The story I heard was that shortly after Stalin's demise he met with his comrades (I don't recall who had set up the meeting) and was, much to his outrage, arrested by their guards and taken to the Lubyanka. They stomped his spectacles to make it harder for him to escape. A few days later, one of Khruschchev's lieutenants came into the cell and, while Beria begged for his life, put a bullet through his brain.
Your story is the more picturesque, if only because it was rather more in Beria's personal style.
That's the way I always heard it too except not in his quarters but in a special(and well used) execution cell with a drain in floor (for easy hosing down of blood). Never heard that about the crematorium either. Will have to dig out some books that I haven't cracked open in a long time to check out how it went down.
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