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Rethinking software bloat.
Information week.com ^ | 12/17/01 | Fred Langa

Posted on 12/17/2001 4:33:52 AM PST by damnlimey

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To: bwteim
bad coding practices;

coupled by inadequate supervision/management of those responsible for 'systems' of their own programming staff and accompanied by...

They got a lot of these straight out of college types running things from where I am sitting. Many of these guys don't know their *ss from a whole in the ground. Lots of engineer types in charge too. I dunno. A lot of these guys have never written a shred of commercial quality code.

inadequate programming standards (such as permitting no documentation, no modular thinking, no shared libraries/resources)...

We are affected by the lack of documentation. Big companies have an entire documentation department. A large phone company that we with worth comes to mind. Their product is buggy and inferior in many ways, however. They have so many analysts this, program managers that, and other managers over there that sometimes I wonder who actually does the work When your at a smaller shop docuemntation suffers though. Good programmers should self document. In the code.

rush deadlines agreed to by managers causing their programming staff to have to take short cuts and either produce inadequate documentation or eliminate documentation;

Hahaha...Hey! You been spying on my company?

The operating environment as in the 'shop itself'. For example, high programmer turnover and its impact on somebody having to go behind and decode spaghetti.

This usually cannot be helped. Lord knows I and everyone here has cleaned up so much spaghetti..

Good points. Not sure if all of these things are more responsible for bloat then the advent of rapid application development languages.

61 posted on 12/17/2001 11:18:54 AM PST by Smogger
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To: ArGee
Hardware is cheaper than programmer time.

Bingo! You win a prize!

62 posted on 12/17/2001 11:20:25 AM PST by Smogger
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To: Jefferson Adams
Smaller is better. Every line of code has a finite chance of having a defect. Every defect has a finite chance of remaining undetected in the released product. Every released defect has a finite chance of causing unintended operation.

Yep. Well said.

Thanks. I'm in diagnostics research and quality troubleshooting. IOW, I'm a professional pessimist.

63 posted on 12/17/2001 11:22:00 AM PST by VoiceOfBruck
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To: bwteim
Poor programming instruction (or insufficient self-teaching) leading to..., bad coding practices, etc...

It's more complicated than that. Many operating system features (ie. web browsing, file download/upload, etc) have now been componentized which means that developers don't have to reinvent the wheel: They can simply call an operating system API. However, there is no telling how many DLLs that that particular component pulls in. Here's a good example. When you use COMDLG32 under Windows NT and later, it pulls in a bunch of different DLLs from the Shell. These DLLs make it possible to view various types of content. Unless the developer is aware of how many DLLs are getting loaded, he or she has contributed (in some small way) to bloat; however, it's not at all obvious that it is happening. After all, my code only calls one line of OS code in order to bring up the dialog, right? I would argue that componentization of software naturally results in code bloat. Dependencies are very hard to track -- and they only get harder to track year after year. Granted, you could argue that any developer worth his or her salt would write these routines themselves; however, most developers aren't in business to waste time. They want to accomplish an objective. So, as I see it, software bloat is much more complex than simply blaming an individual developer for writing poor code.
64 posted on 12/17/2001 11:25:13 AM PST by Bush2000
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To: tarpon_bill
A big cure for bloatware would be to make this crap go away in the base install and allow the user to pick and choose what you want to run. I cut down all the unnecessary crap by removing it from the start-up files. It is still there if I need the function but I don't get it by default.

I would agree with that. An OS install, in theory, should only enable the barest minimum of stuff to get up and running. But that's where the tradeoff comes: Most users don't know what they want to turn on. They want everything preconfigured for average use.
65 posted on 12/17/2001 11:27:56 AM PST by Bush2000
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To: Smogger
Bingo! You win a prize!

I won that prize back in 1986. My brother was in a EE class and was supposed to write software for a microcontroller that would display letters on an LCD screen. He had all the bits that would turn on the segments of the display and needed to write the code that would translate ASCII into the segments. He was having trouble, so he called me.

I told him to make an indexed table using the ASCII - 'a' as the index value and put the word in the table that would cause the LCD to display the letter that matched the ASCII value. I told him that, if he worked for me, I would like a solution that took several K bytes of memory per system over a system that took him days to write and test because hardware is cheap and I could build the price of the memory into the system. I couldn't recover his time in the same fashon.

The instructor used his result to demonstrate good engineering to the class.

Shalom.

66 posted on 12/17/2001 11:28:35 AM PST by ArGee
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To: Smogger;Argee;ctdonath2
I have NOT been spying on your shop.....:)

Argee does hit it on the mark with programmer costs vs. cheaper hardware.
And, as you said, "rapid application development languages certainly makes it easy to churn out code"

Perhaps it's not that Bloatware is the problem - provided two things, that the Bloatware performs as advertised AND you have the cpu cycles to spare (as ctdonath2 noted).
But, if you unfortunately purchased or have had to maintain Crapware, then that Crapware is often Bloatware.....

67 posted on 12/17/2001 11:30:41 AM PST by bwteim
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To: damnlimey
Graphics. Everything has to be shiny with buttons and animations and all kind of other crap. The underlieing architecture has something to do with it too, you just can't make a truly small application for windows. Developer laziness is high on the list too, nobody really tries to make tight code (of course a lot is done in VB which is phyisically incapable of supporting tight code). But in the end it's the shiny buttons and pretty graphics, they bloat executable size (the buttons in your word processor probably take more harddrive space than the whole WP did back in the 80s) and slow everything down.

But usability has been improved. At least that's what they tell me to say.

68 posted on 12/17/2001 11:34:01 AM PST by discostu
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To: damnlimey
What do you think are the real reasons for "Bloatware"

HA!

Have you seen the requirements for installing Linux?

Linux ISN'T immune to this 'phenomenon' either ...

69 posted on 12/17/2001 11:37:50 AM PST by _Jim
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To: Bush2000
I would agree with that. An OS install, in theory, should only enable the barest minimum of stuff to get up and running. But that's where the tradeoff comes: Most users don't know what they want to turn on. They want everything preconfigured for average use.

True, and I would argue that it's better to err on the side of caution. Look at how widely Code Red was able to spread because people had no idea that their Windows machines had a web server running. If a user gets to the point where he needs advanced functionality, he should be sufficiently competent to enable it himself.

70 posted on 12/17/2001 11:46:05 AM PST by ThinkDifferent
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To: Bush2000;damnlimey;Smogger
So, as I see it, software bloat is much more complex than simply blaming an individual developer for writing poor code.

I know you're a coder - but I did not blame the individual developer or coder.
As a matter of fact, what I wrote was that it begins with the 'instruction', however that 'developer' obtained the instruction:

I wrote:
It has everything to do with Programming Design or the lack of it. This lack is a result of:

If you are not taught to code properly; if the manager/supervisor does not instruct you otherwise; if you manage to sell your code and people don't complain or have no alternative, you will continue to code poorly, and, perhaps, heavens forbid, churn out Crapware and Bloatware.

You did say software bloat is a complex issue - I agree - but for a different reason: because we have not defined it precisely.

71 posted on 12/17/2001 11:48:02 AM PST by bwteim
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"Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent.
It takes a touch of genius - and a lot of courage - to move in the opposite direction."
-- Albert Einstein

"My favourite is 'writing hard core C to create slick tight code'."

-- Bill Gates

72 posted on 12/17/2001 11:49:25 AM PST by damnlimey
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To: Don Joe
Just about anyone can "program". Few are capable working out optimum (fewest/most efficient machine cycle use) code. Back in the DOS days I did all my programming in assembly for time critical sections of code. I wrote in assembly for the 8087 co-processor as well which was supposedly "difficult" to do at the time. The program we sold was called "LCAS" for "Linear Circuit Analysis and Simulation" back in the prehistoric age of CAD… It was far faster than the competition's and supported two monitors simultaneously (one for graphics and one for circuit entry). ;-) That seems long ago now...
73 posted on 12/17/2001 11:52:37 AM PST by DB
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To: lelio
>>But the same "Hello, World" program written
>>in Visual C++ takes fully 10,369 bytes--that's
>> 25 times as much code!
>So 25x of the code bloat is something that I can't
>even control?

That's not a good example at all! The "bloat" you see there is so that the programmer doesn't need a Master's degree and ability to do this:


title   Hello World Program                             (hello.asm)
; This program displays "Hello, World!"

dosseg
.model small
.stack 100h

.data
hello_message db 'Hello, World!',0dh,0ah,'$'

.code
main  proc
      mov    ax,@data
      mov    ds,ax

      mov    ah,9
      mov    dx,offset hello_message
      int    21h

      mov    ax,4C00h
      int    21h
main  endp
end   main

And can, instead, do this:


#include < iostream.h >

int main () {
   cout << "Hello, World!" << endl;
   return 0;
}

74 posted on 12/17/2001 11:55:30 AM PST by krb
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To: damnlimey
damnlimey, in a similar vein, consider the words of Pascal:

"I would have written a shorter letter but didn't have time." -- Blaise Pascal (1623 - 1662).

75 posted on 12/17/2001 11:56:07 AM PST by bwteim
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To: damnlimey
What do you think are the real reasons for "Bloatware"

Simple question, simple answer: The reason for all the bloatware, is because Programmers will link & compile entire libraries of code into their application, even if they're only using one or two functions from that library.

Much of this article struck a chord with me. My first programming job out of college was with a financial services company, that specialized in car dealership management software. The first version of the entire application ran on a single 1.2mb floppy - and that included months worth of sales and service records. Granted, this was back in 1987.

In 1990 when I left, the code was up to 3mb to run, with a months sales taking up another 3mb. As we added functionality, our function libraries got bigger and bigger. When we switched programming tools, our code base tripled, simply from the nature of the compiler, and the necessary re-write of the code to utilize NEW function libraries.

This article makes perfect sense, the author is spot on. The tools to create the applications are hogs. The libraries required to write code and add functionality are hogs. Programmers (self included) are hogs because we're lazy. We'll gladly link in that entire function library to get the ONE function we need. As long as we don't have to write it from scratch, it's fine by us.

76 posted on 12/17/2001 11:57:28 AM PST by usconservative
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To: ArGee
People will buy it

That's the ONLY reason necessary and sufficient. That hardware costs less than programmer time is immaterial. In fact I've worked on projects where that wasn't true, yet bloat still occurs.

As long as someone will pay on an invoice, anything can happen.

The far better question is this:

Why do the people who pay prefer Bloatware?
Time after time bloatware wins the market battle. Why?
77 posted on 12/17/2001 11:59:50 AM PST by bvw
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To: usconservative
We'll gladly link in that entire function library to get the ONE function we need. As long as we don't have to write it from scratch, it's fine by us.

And in most cases this is a good thing to do. Every line of code you don't write is a line that won't have a bug. I'll gladly use libraries that reduce the amount of code I have to write, even if the resulting program is bigger. I'll work faster, and users will get better reliability.

Unfortunately, too often today programs seem to be bigger *and* buggier, so linking libraries may not be the culprit there.

78 posted on 12/17/2001 12:11:49 PM PST by ThinkDifferent
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To: bvw
Why do the people who pay prefer Bloatware? Time after time bloatware wins the market battle. Why?

You should have made it multiple choice. Can I provide the choices?

a. Bloatware is inherently superior to properly sized software.

b. People who write bloatware have more time to spend developing marketing hype.

c. Evil, unlawful, monopolistic practices.

d. People are idiots.

Shalom.

79 posted on 12/17/2001 12:15:46 PM PST by ArGee
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To: damnlimey
Geez... no wonder it takes the damn thing so long to come up.. or go down.
80 posted on 12/17/2001 12:34:33 PM PST by TechJunkYard
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