In ww2 there was a school of thought that wounded soldiers shouldn’t get morphine because they might become addicted. They lost.
9 years ago I was hospitalized for 9 days with intractable unbearable pain from 7 broken ribs and a bruised lung. Had an epidural morphine pump .implanted in my spine. I could control the pump but it had a limiter so I wouldn’t get too much. Didn’t do that much for pain relief but did make me into a bigger prick than I normally am..or so I was told. Didn’t become an addict.
At Letterman our orthopedic ward wing tested holistic bio-feedback which was surprisingly effective in controlling pain without drugs. We also had more aggressive rehab exercising that was independent of physical therapy.
The. Woman. Was. Dying. Of. Cancer. Her. Husband. Had. Staff. Not. Give. Her. Morphine. Because. He. Didnt. Want. Her. To Die. As. An. Addict. Dying. Of. Cancer. On. Her. Death. Bed.