First Americans arrived as 2 separate migrations, according to new genetic evidence

www.physorg.com ^ | 01/09/2009 | Source: Cell Press

[maine-iac7]

The genetic evidence

genetic evidence would show relationship = not whether they went up and over from the old world and came down in the Americas or if some went up from the Americas and down into the old world...

[maine-iac7]

Carbon dating showss humans and primitive humans existing in Africa and Eurasia for well over a million years. No such humans have been found in America before the late ice age.

The late ice age ended 10,000-11,170 year ago. "Archaeological evidence of human occupation in South America also dates to the same time as the Clovis-culture [12,000+ years ago] materials. This suggests that people were living in the Americas before the Clovis people arrived. " NGEO 2007

And Clovis were here before the end of the late ice age -

The thing about scientific 'discoveries'is that today's 'truths' often get over turned tomorrow - take, for example, this weeks announcement of the startling 'discovery' that the Milky Way is much larger and much 'heavier' than has been thought - more a twin of Andromeda rather than a little sister.

[Gondring]

Genetic information can provide more than that. By examining mutations and when they occurred, for example, or by examining specific patterns, you can see trends that developed.

I'll leave more detailed explanation to others, as this is not my field.

[Lucius Cornelius Sulla]

Since the ice age ended about 13,000 years ago, with the Lesser Dryad cool down in the Holocene interglacial era about 2000 years later, the arrival of humans in America was in the later days of the ice age, whereas humans had been present in the old world well before the ice ages.

[SunkenCiv]

Thanks for the kind remark. :’) No wonder this seemed familiar when I pinged everyone again... [blush]

[maine-iac7]

Since the ice age ended about 13,000 years ago, with the Lesser Dryad cool down in the Holocene interglacial era about 2000 years later, the arrival of humans in America was in the later days of the ice age, whereas humans had been present in the old world well before the ice ages.

Then there's this:

BRIEF HISTORIC OUTLINE

The first vestiges of human presence in Ayacucho are found in the Pikimachay cave and date from 20,000 BC...

(http://www.traficoperu.com/english/ciud3.htm)

they have found where ancients inhabitants used mastodon rib bones for structures...

As I said before, Today's scientific 'truths' change with tomorrow's discoveries. Nothing is 'end of story.' - no matter how much a certain theory is desired to be made fact.

[Lucius Cornelius Sulla]

first vestiges of human presence in Ayacucho are found in the Pikimachay cave

I am pretty sure that these 'vestiges' are only possible artifacts, not definitely connected to humans, and no human remains at all. Even then it would be in the latter days of the last ice age, which atarted about 75,000 years ago.

[uglybiker]

A WOPahoe Indian!

Better-n bein' a Chicago-ho!