Posted on 12/22/2006 4:53:04 PM PST by Coleus
DUARTE, Calif. -- Patients with advanced cancer that has spread to many different sites often do not have many treatment options, since they would be unable to tolerate the doses of treatment they would need to kill the tumors. Researchers at City of Hope and St. Jude Children's Research Hospital may have found a way to treat cancers that have spread throughout the body more effectively. They used modified neural stem cells to activate and concentrate chemotherapeutic drugs predominately at tumor sites, so that normal tissue surrounding the tumor and throughout the body remain relatively unharmed.
"This approach could significantly improve future treatme nt options for patients with metastatic cancer," said Karen Aboody, M.D., assistant professor of Hematology/Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Neurosciences at City of Hope. "It not only has the potential to destroy residual tumor cells, but it should also improve patients' quality of life by minimizing toxic side effects such as nausea, diarrhea or bone marrow suppression." Aboody is the lead investigator of the study done in collaboration with senior investigator Mary Danks, Ph.D., associate member of Molecular Pharmacology at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tenn. The study will be published Dec. 20 in PLoS ONE. A second paper with extended results from the study has been accepted for publication in Cancer Research in January. Most chemotherapy drugs affect both normal and cancerous tissue, which is why they also are toxic to naturally fast-growing cells in the body such as hair follicles and intestinal cells. Aboody and her colleagues have developed a two-part system to infiltrate metastatic tumor sites, and then activate a chemotherapeutic drug, thereby localizing the drug's effects to the tumor cells.
The technique takes advantage of the tendency for invasive tumors to attract neural stem cells. The researchers injected modified neural stem/progenitor cells into immunosuppressed mice that had been given neuroblastoma cells, which then formed tumors. After waiting a few days to allow the stem cells to migrate to the tumors, researchers administered a precursor-drug. When it reached the stem cells, the drug interacted with an enzyme the stem cells expressed, and was converted into an active drug that kills surrounding tumor cells. The precursor-drugs were administered for two weeks, then after a two-week break, a second round of stem/progenitor cells and drugs were administered.
One hundred percent of the neuroblastoma mice appe ared healthy and tumor-free at six months. Without treatment, all the neuroblastoma mice died within two-and-a-half months. The results hold promise for treating solid tumors that metastasize including neuroblastoma, which represents 6 percent to 10 percent of all childhood cancers worldwide, with higher proportions in children under 2 years of age. "The results are especially important in the case of high-risk neuroblastoma, because treatment-resistant cancer returns in as many as 80 percent of children, and the majority die of their disease," said co-principal investigator Danks. Aboody and her colleagues had previously published the efficacy of this technique in primary and metastatic tumors in the brain. This is the first research to demonstrate that it is also effective in a metastatic cancer model, targeting multiple solid tumor sites spread throughout the body. They speculate that the technique could also be applie d to other malignant solid tumors, including colon, brain, prostate and breast cancer, and are planning future preclinical trials using those tumors as well.
Disclaimer
The following press releases refer to a selection of the upcoming articles in PLoS ONE. They are contributed by the article authors and/or their institutions. The opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of the staff or the editors of PLoS ONE. The research was funded by grants from the National Cancer Institute, Stop Cancer Foundation, Phi Beta Psi Sorority, the Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Foundation, the Neidorf Family Foundation, the Marcus Foundation and ALSAC.
About City of Hope
City of Hope is a leading research and treatment center for cancer, diabetes and other life-threatening diseases. Designated as a Comprehensive Cancer Center, the highest honor bestowed by the National Cancer Institute, and a founding member of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, City of Hope's research and treatment protocols impact care throughout the nation. Founded in 1913, City of Hope is a pioneer in the fields of bone marrow transplantation and genetics and shares its scientific knowledge with medic al centers locally and globally, helping patients battling serious diseases. For more information, visit www.cityofhope.org. Citation: Aboody KS, Bush RA, Garcia E, Metz MZ, Najbauer J, et al (2006) Development of a Tumor-Selective Approach to Treat Metastatic Cancer. PLoS ONE 1(1): e23. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000023 PLEASE ADD THE LINK TO THE PUBLISHED ARTICLE IN ONLINE VERSIONS OF YOUR REPORT: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000023 PRESS ONLY PREVIEW OF THE ARTICLE: http://www.plos.org/press/pone-01-01-aboody.pdf
>> I think you are confused as to what the difference between "fetal" and "embryonic" cells are. As a matter of fact, I know you are confused.
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Hmmm. Here is your post replying to my statement that they were not embryonic stem cells. Clearly shows that I was not confused.
Once agian you are showing how confused you are. First the article did not mention embryonic stem cells and when you replied to right wingin it not to coleus, I posted to you that yes, the cells are not embryonic, they are fetal cells. Up all night you need to get some rest and stop making a fool of yourself.
>>First the article did not mention embryonic stem cells and when you replied to right wingin it not to coleus, I posted to you that yes, the cells are not embryonic, they are fetal cells. Up all night you need to get some rest and stop making a fool of yourself.
Correct. RW implied that they were embryonic, I replied to him that they were not and you agreed with me. If I am the fool, what does that make you for agreeing with me?
>>you are an insignificant troll with nothing to add to the FR except for your annoying one-liners getting under people's skin. Go away. You are a fool because you don't know what you are saying and posting to the wrong people. I have a feeling you are a banned freeper and are using another screen name. Go to the clown website, that's where you belong.
I see you have the Christmas spirit. I never made a personal attack on you but Merry Christmas anyway.
Pardon my assertion ... now that I read your perspective I find we agree, probably completely.
Personally, I consider those aborted, perhaps not "a la Planned Parenthood," but they are still "aborted".
Unfortunately, there is a huge market for fetal tissue out there and the abortion clinics have found a loophole around the law.
This is not my field of expertise, but I do know there are "standard" fetal cell lines out from aborted fetuses.
Additionally, the word "embryo" in the broadest scientific definition can refer to it up until birth. However, begining at the 7-week mark or so, the embryo is typically refered to as a fetus. (So in other words after 7 weeks, it can still be considered an embryo or a fetus).
I'm not aware of any limitation on the length of gestation for embryos in the field "Embryonic stem cell research." Certainly, we hear often the term "embryonic stem research". I don't ever recall hearing of the term "fetal stem cell research", or a "fetal stem cell researcher". But the researchers do refere to the stem cell lines as being of "fetal" origin.
I thought so, too.
Is there a protocol to "save" cells from a miscarried fetus or embryo?
Or do the cells of a miscarried embryo/fetus always decay too quickly?
Forgive the dlay ... I will answer your question following Christmas travels. Short answer is, the researchers seek pristine cell and tissue cultures and miscarried children are not considered pristine, for a variety of reasons.
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