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Record Set for Hottest Temperature on Earth: 3.6 Billion Degrees in Lab
Yahoo (livescience.com) ^ | 3/8/2006 | Ker Than

Posted on 03/08/2006 2:50:47 PM PST by The_Victor

Scientists have produced superheated gas exceeding temperatures of 2 billion degrees Kelvin, or 3.6 billion degrees Fahrenheit.

This is hotter than the interior of our Sun, which is about 15 million degrees Kelvin, and also hotter than any previous temperature ever achieved on Earth, they say.

They don't know how they did it.

The feat was accomplished in the Z machine at Sandia National Laboratories.

"At first, we were disbelieving," said project leader Chris Deeney. "We repeated the experiment many times to make sure we had a true result."

Thermonuclear explosions are estimated to reach only tens to hundreds of millions of degrees Kelvin; other nuclear fusion experiments have achieved temperatures of about 500 million degrees Kelvin, said a spokesperson at the lab.

The achievement was detailed in the Feb. 24 issue of the journal Physical Review Letters.

The Z machine is the largest X-ray generator in the world. It’s designed to test materials under extreme temperatures and pressures. It works by releasing 20 million amps of electricity into a vertical array of very fine tungsten wires. The wires dissolve into a cloud of charged particles, a superheated gas called plasma.

A very strong magnetic field compresses the plasma into the thickness of a pencil lead. This causes the plasma to release energy in the form of X-rays, but the X-rays are usually only several million degrees.

Sandia researchers still aren’t sure how the machine achieved the new record. Part of it is probably due to the replacement of the tungsten steel wires with slightly thicker steel wires, which allow the plasma ions to travel faster and thus achieve higher temperatures.

One thing that puzzles scientists is that the high temperature was achieved after the plasma’s ions should have been losing energy and cooling. Also, when the high temperature was achieved, the Z machine was releasing more energy than was originally put in, something that usually occurs only in nuclear reactions.

Sandia consultant Malcolm Haines theorizes that some unknown energy source is involved, which is providing the machine with an extra jolt of energy just as the plasma ions are beginning to slow down.


TOPICS: Front Page News; Miscellaneous; News/Current Events
KEYWORDS: fusion; zmachine
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To: dead

That was the quote that immediately caught my eye. If you get more out than you put in, let's harness this new source of energy immediately.


21 posted on 03/08/2006 2:57:39 PM PST by linear (Hitler didn't die - he just went to live in Mecca.)
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To: GLDNGUN

and how much did this cost us taxpayers?


22 posted on 03/08/2006 2:57:54 PM PST by satan
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To: The_Victor
"due to the replacement of the tungsten steel wires with slightly thicker steel wires"

Thus voiding the manufacturer's warranty.

23 posted on 03/08/2006 2:58:34 PM PST by Deguello
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To: The_Victor

24 posted on 03/08/2006 2:58:48 PM PST by Slicksadick (Go out on a limb........Its where the fruit is.)
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To: The_Victor

almost as hot as when Democrats open their yappers.


25 posted on 03/08/2006 2:59:08 PM PST by jw777
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To: The_Victor

How did it not completely incinerate the device that produced it?


26 posted on 03/08/2006 2:59:17 PM PST by wagglebee ("We are ready for the greatest achievements in the history of freedom." -- President Bush, 1/20/05)
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To: The_Victor

Its fusion! From deuterium. Wow.


27 posted on 03/08/2006 2:59:46 PM PST by BuglerTex (Preserve Gravity before.. well, just before)
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To: The_Victor
...the Z machine was releasing more energy than was originally put in...

Here there be dragons.

28 posted on 03/08/2006 2:59:52 PM PST by jgorris
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To: wagglebee

Good explanation at post 20


29 posted on 03/08/2006 3:00:36 PM PST by The_Victor (If all I want is a warm feeling, I should just wet my pants.)
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To: muir_redwoods
Uh... I am going to pretend that I am scientifically challenged and reread your post.

In other words, it was a "fun" question!!!

:)

30 posted on 03/08/2006 3:01:00 PM PST by raybbr
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To: GLDNGUN
"What kind of a thermometer measures that much heat?"

That's what I'm wondering as well.

The phenomenon may be due to some sort of secondary fission of the heated material. Temperatures that high could very plausibly get into the range of where any kind of material would come apart on an atomic level.

I find the method used to determine the temperature to be just as fascinating as the phenomenon itself.

31 posted on 03/08/2006 3:02:27 PM PST by nightdriver
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To: The_Victor

yeah yeah yeah, but how fast will it cook my hot dogs?


32 posted on 03/08/2006 3:02:34 PM PST by birbear (You know what? This is crap. We're going to stop this.)
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To: GLDNGUN

The average stun gun produces 500,000 volts but it won't kill ya because of low amps, but do not stick your finger in a light socket.Extreme High heat very low quantity.


33 posted on 03/08/2006 3:03:26 PM PST by eastforker (Under Cover FReeper going dark(too much 24))
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To: The_Victor

There's Texas chili that's hotter than that.


34 posted on 03/08/2006 3:03:47 PM PST by Rebelbase (President Bush is a Texas jackass when it comes to Border security .)
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To: CommandoFrank
"Hey, let's try this..."
---
These are scientists. We really shouldn't be letting them play with matches, much less anything bigger.
Just prior to the first nuclear test in July, 1945, the scientists were running a betting pool on how big the explosion would be.
One of the bets placed was that it would destroy the entire state of New Mexico.
"Woowee! That blowed up real good!"
35 posted on 03/08/2006 3:03:51 PM PST by Cheburashka (World's only Spatula City certified spatula repair and maintenance specialist!!!)
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To: The_Victor

Send this to the President of Iran.


36 posted on 03/08/2006 3:04:08 PM PST by KStorm (Currently residing in the NO TIN ZONE)
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To: birbear
yeah yeah yeah, but how fast will it cook my hot dogs?

Moe: "That baby'll flash fry a buffalo in five seconds."
Homer: "Awwwww, but I want it noooow."

37 posted on 03/08/2006 3:04:33 PM PST by The_Victor (If all I want is a warm feeling, I should just wet my pants.)
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To: satan
and how much did this cost us taxpayers?

If we were told, we might set a new high-temperature record ourselves. ;-)

38 posted on 03/08/2006 3:04:33 PM PST by GLDNGUN
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To: The_Victor
Well, now we're in trouble. Any jihadi with a microwave will be able to make an H-bomb before this is over!
39 posted on 03/08/2006 3:05:56 PM PST by VadeRetro (I have the updated "Your brain on creationism" on my homepage.)
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To: The_Victor
Maybe we could field test the Z machine on some caves along the Pakistan/Afghanistan border region. They are uninhabited, aren't they?
40 posted on 03/08/2006 3:05:57 PM PST by rockthecasbah (Don't wait for 6 strong men to take you to church.)
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