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Future of Conservatism: Darwin or Design? [Human Events goes with ID]
Human Events ^ | 12 December 2005 | Casey Luskin

Posted on 12/12/2005 8:01:43 AM PST by PatrickHenry

Occasionally a social issue becomes so ubiquitous that almost everyone wants to talk about it -- even well-meaning but uninformed pundits. For example, Charles Krauthammer preaches that religious conservatives should stop being so darn, well, religious, and should accept his whitewashed version of religion-friendly Darwinism.1 George Will prophesies that disagreements over Darwin could destroy the future of conservatism.2 Both agree that intelligent design is not science.

It is not evident that either of these critics has read much by the design theorists they rebuke. They appear to have gotten most of their information about intelligent design from other critics of the theory, scholars bent on not only distorting the main arguments of intelligent design but also sometimes seeking to deny the academic freedom of design theorists.

In 2001, Iowa State University astronomer Guillermo Gonzalez’s research on galactic habitable zones appeared on the cover of Scientific American. Dr. Gonzalez’s research demonstrates that our universe, galaxy, and solar system were intelligently designed for advanced life. Although Gonzalez does not teach intelligent design in his classes, he nevertheless believes that “[t]he methods [of intelligent design] are scientific, and they don't start with a religious assumption.” But a faculty adviser to the campus atheist club circulated a petition condemning Gonzalez’s scientific views as merely “religious faith.” Attacks such as these should be familiar to the conservative minorities on many university campuses; however, the response to intelligent design has shifted from mere private intolerance to public witch hunts. Gonzalez is up for tenure next year and clearly is being targeted because of his scientific views.

The University of Idaho, in Moscow, Idaho, is home to Scott Minnich, a soft-spoken microbiologist who runs a lab studying the bacterial flagellum, a microscopic rotary engine that he and other scientists believe was intelligently designed -- see "What Is Intelligent Design.") Earlier this year Dr. Minnich testified in favor of intelligent design at the Kitzmiller v. Dover trial over the teaching of intelligent design. Apparently threatened by Dr. Minnich’s views, the university president, Tim White, issued an edict proclaiming that “teaching of views that differ from evolution ... is inappropriate in our life, earth, and physical science courses or curricula.” As Gonzaga University law professor David DeWolf asked in an editorial, “Which Moscow is this?” It’s the Moscow where Minnich’s career advancement is in now jeopardized because of his scientific views.

Scientists like Gonzalez and Minnich deserve not only to be understood, but also their cause should be defended. Conservative champions of intellectual freedom should be horrified by the witch hunts of academics seeking to limit academic freedom to investigate or objectively teach intelligent design. Krauthammer’s and Will’s attacks only add fuel to the fire.

By calling evolution “brilliant,” “elegant,” and “divine,” Krauthammer’s defense of Darwin is grounded in emotional arguments and the mirage that a Neo-Darwinism that is thoroughly friendly towards Western theism. While there is no denying the possibility of belief in God and Darwinism, the descriptions of evolution offered by top Darwinists differ greatly from Krauthammer’s sanitized version. For example, Oxford zoologist Richard Dawkins explains that “Darwin made it possible to be an intellectually fulfilled atheist.” In addition, Krauthammer’s understanding is in direct opposition to the portrayal of evolution in biology textbooks. Says Douglas Futuyma in the textbook Evolutionary Biology:

“By coupling undirected, purposeless variation to the blind, uncaring process of natural selection, Darwin made theological or spiritual explanations of the life processes superfluous.”3

Thus when Krauthammer thrashes the Kansas State Board of Education for calling Neo-Darwinian evolution “undirected,” it seems that it is Kansas -- not Krauthammer -- who has been reading the actual textbooks.

Moreover, by preaching Darwinism, Krauthammer is courting the historical enemies of some of his own conservative causes. Krauthammer once argued that human beings should not be subjected to medical experimentation because of their inherent dignity: “Civilization hangs on the Kantian principle that human beings are to be treated as ends and not means.”4 About 10 years before Krauthammer penned those words, the American Eugenics Society changed its name to the euphemistic “Society for the Study of Social Biology.” This “new” field of sociobiology, has been heavily promoted by the prominent Harvard sociobiologist E.O. Wilson. In an article titled, “The consequences of Charles Darwin's ‘one long argument,’” Wilson writes in the latest issue of Harvard Magazine:

“Evolution in a pure Darwinian world has no goal or purpose: the exclusive driving force is random mutations sorted out by natural selection from one generation to the next. … However elevated in power over the rest of life, however exalted in self-image, we were descended from animals by the same blind force that created those animals. …”5

This view of “scientific humanism” implies that our alleged undirected evolutionary origin makes us fundamentally undifferentiated from animals. Thus Wilson elsewhere explains that under Neo-Darwinism, “[m]orality, or more strictly our belief in morality, is merely an adaptation put in place to further our reproductive ends. … [E]thics as we understand it is an illusion fobbed on us by our genes to get us to cooperate.”6

There is no doubt that Darwinists can be extremely moral people. But E.O. Wilson’s brave new world seems very different from visions of religion and morality-friendly Darwinian sugerplums dancing about in Krauthammer’s head.

Incredibly, Krauthammer also suggests that teaching about intelligent design heaps “ridicule to religion.” It’s time for a reality check. Every major Western religion holds that life was designed by intelligence. The Dalai Lama recently affirmed that design is a philosophical truth in Buddhism. How could it possibly denigrate religion to suggest that design is scientifically correct?

At least George Will provides a more pragmatic critique. The largest float in Will’s parade of horribles is the fear that the debate over Darwin threatens to split a political coalition between social and fiscal conservatives. There is no need to accept Will’s false dichotomy. Fiscal conservatives need support from social conservatives at least as much as social conservatives need support from them. But in both cases, the focus should be human freedom, the common patrimony of Western civilization that is unintelligible under Wilson’s scientific humanism. If social conservatives were to have their way, support for Will’s fiscal causes would not suffer.

The debate over biological origins will only threaten conservative coalitions if critics like Will and Krauthammer force a split. But in doing so, they will weaken a coalition between conservatives and the public at large.

Poll data show that teaching the full range of scientific evidence, which both supports and challenges Neo-Darwinism, is an overwhelmingly popular political position. A 2001 Zogby poll found that more than 70% of American adults favor teaching the scientific controversy about Darwinism.7 This is consistent with other polls which show only about 10% of Americans believe that life is the result of purely “undirected” evolutionary processes.8 If George Will thinks that ultimate political ends should be used to force someone’s hand, then I call his bluff: design proponents are more than comfortable to lay our cards of scientific evidence (see "What Is Intelligent Design") and popular support out on the table.

But ultimately it’s not about the poll data, it’s about the scientific data. Regardless of whether critics like Krauthammer have informed themselves on this issue, and no matter how loudly critics like Will tout that “evolution is a fact,” there is still digital code in our cells and irreducibly complex rotary engines at the micromolecular level.

At the end of the day, the earth still turns, and the living cell shows evidence of design.





1 See Charles Krauthammer, “Phony Theory, False Conflict,” Washington Post, Friday, November 18, 2005, pg. A23.
2 See George Will, “Grand Old Spenders,” Washington Post, Thursday, November 17, 2005; Page A31.
3 Douglas Futuyma, Evolutionary Biology (1998, 3rd Ed., Sinauer Associates), pg. 5.
4 Quoted in Pammela Winnick “A Jealous God,” pg. 74; Charles Krauthammer “The Using of Baby Fae,” Time, Dec 3, 1984.
5 Edward O. Wilson, "Intelligent Evolution: The consequences of Charles Darwin's ‘one long argument’" Harvard Magazine, Nov-December, 2005.
6 Michael Ruse and E. O. Wilson "The Evolution of Ethics" in Religion and the Natural Sciences, the Range of Engagement, (Harcourt Brace, 1993).
7 See http://www.discovery.org/articleFiles/PDFs/ZogbyFinalReport.pdf
8 See Table 2.2 from Karl W. Giberson & Donald A Yerxa, Species of Origins America’s Search for a Creation Story (Rowman & Littlefield 2002) at page 54.

Mr. Luskin is an attorney and published scientist working with the Discovery Institute in Seattle, Wash.


TOPICS: Culture/Society; Philosophy
KEYWORDS: crevolist; humanevents; moralabsolutes; mythology; pseudoscience
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To: jwalsh07
I imagine some sociobiologists disagree with me. I sincerely doubt that all biologists disagree with me.

This would be much easier: Can you name even one biologist with relevant professional bonafides who DOES agree with you, that natural selection should eliminate (or preclude the development of) a moral sense? And/or, in the meantime, maybe you can provide us some coherent argument as to why it should?

You made this as a flat assertion and simply declared it a conundrum. I don't see the conundrum at. Quite the opposite. The conundrum to me would be if evolution hadn't come up with something like morality.

Once you have fairly intelligent animals living in groups you have complex social relations, and once you have that a moral sense (or something very similar) seems nearly essential for individuals to manage and navigate the social scene.

For example an intelligent social animal needs to be able to avoid triggering acts of retribution by other members of his society, or least by too many other members. How does the animal know what behaviors are likely to trigger retribution unless he has some sense of what is "wrong".

From the other end the payoffs of mutual cooperation are so high (as are the costs of mutual aggression) that retribution systems are sure to develop. There will be a very strong pressure on social animals to figure out which individuals they can cooperate with, and which are uncooperative (don't reciprocate, cheat, etc). The later individuals will be to whatever extent denied the advantages of cooperation, and you have a system of retribution or shunning, and with that you have the basic mechanisms and structures of a moral system.

401 posted on 12/12/2005 6:25:08 PM PST by Stultis (I don't worry about the war turning into "Vietnam" in Iraq; I worry about it doing so in Congress.)
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To: ChessExpert
O.K. Maybe we can all agree that Evolution is a theory; it is not a fact. Deal?

Little "e" evolution is a scientific fact, per the definition of a scientific fact (as opposed to the vulgar). It is observable and repeatable, and subject to revision or discard as the tools of observation improve. The "Theory of Evolution" is a scientific theory, in which the scientific fact of evolution plays a central mechanistic role.

I usually must assume that the Creationists/IDers on these threads are conflating evolution withthe Theory of Evolution when they address these themselves to the topic, because I have yet to find one who deos not accept what they call "microevolution" -- therefore, when they profess skepticism regarding "evolution", I presume they are in fact referring to the Theory of Evolution, and frame my response within that context.

402 posted on 12/12/2005 6:35:59 PM PST by RogueIsland
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To: Gumlegs
My theory says that pigs fly ... but only when no one is looking.

Your theory has been falsified.


403 posted on 12/12/2005 6:37:40 PM PST by AndrewC (Tagline: (optional, printed after your name on post):)
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To: RussP
...what would it take to "disprove" purely naturalistic evolution (with no intelligent design)? ...

Finding an ERV in both orangutans and chimps that was not also present in gorillas and people would disprove the currently-accepted family tree of the primates. Doing the same thing over and over, with, say, cows, hippos and whales, or dogs, cats and bears, etc. would destroy the theory of evolution, with or without some sort of guiding intelligence.

404 posted on 12/12/2005 6:42:50 PM PST by Virginia-American
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To: bobdsmith
Is the explaination any more than just "intelligence did it"?

Actually ID isn't even that bold. They won't say (except by hoping you'll assume it, i.e. fill in the blanks yourself without committing the IDer to anything) that intelligence actually did something, because they won't address how (or when or where or by whom or by what) instances of "intelligent design" are or were instantiated.

All they'll do is infer (or pretend to infer) the existence of "intelligent design" as an end product. All else is mystery, and I believe is intentionally kept so. Once you begin to talk about how design actually happens then you've got "creationism," which is harder to "wedge" with!

Also, when you move beyond the vacuousness of ID you've got schisms among antievolutionists because they can't agree on even the most general scenarios of earth and life history (age of the earth, flood and geology, progressive vs special creation, etc, etc) and they can't settle those disputes in a normal scientific manner because there are always significant elements of dogma in play.

405 posted on 12/12/2005 6:43:24 PM PST by Stultis (I don't worry about the war turning into "Vietnam" in Iraq; I worry about it doing so in Congress.)
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To: ChessExpert
Surely, you don't intend to live up to your Tagline. Please, get some new material! :)

I don't need new material as long as there are people posting who think that ID is somehow compatible with young earth creationism.

Which seems to be a lot of people.

406 posted on 12/12/2005 6:45:55 PM PST by js1138 (Great is the power of steady misrepresentation.)
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To: Dimensio

Yes, but they use different words.


407 posted on 12/12/2005 6:45:57 PM PST by b_sharp (Science adjusts theories to fit evidence, creationism distorts evidence to fit the Bible.)
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To: ChessExpert
"O.K. Maybe we can all agree that Evolution is a theory; it is not a fact. Deal?"

No deal. Evolution is a fact. The Theory of Evolution is a theory.

408 posted on 12/12/2005 6:47:22 PM PST by b_sharp (Science adjusts theories to fit evidence, creationism distorts evidence to fit the Bible.)
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To: AndrewC
"Your theory has been falsified."

I think not. Ted's classification is more properly Hippopotamus amphibius. This is clearly not a pig. Gumleg's theory stands unfalsified. :)

409 posted on 12/12/2005 6:48:42 PM PST by CarolinaGuitarman ("There is a grandeur in this view of life...")
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To: betty boop
For they claim that the "natural" is ultimately completely reduceable to the material. Jeepers. Talk about "stacking the deck!" And then having the temerity to call it a "method!"

Need I point out that every single "metaphysical naturalist" alive is a "closeted philosopher?" Who simultaneously claims for himself the "objectivity" of a scientist?

Polyphemus was a Cyclops. That's a one-eyed monster: kuklos + ops

410 posted on 12/12/2005 6:51:37 PM PST by cornelis
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To: Doctor Stochastic
"Again, people should note that evolution is about species or groups, not about individuals.

And the probability of that is....?

Somewhere below Dembski's Universal Lower Bound of 10-150 I suspect.

411 posted on 12/12/2005 6:55:19 PM PST by b_sharp (Science adjusts theories to fit evidence, creationism distorts evidence to fit the Bible.)
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To: aNYCguy; RussP

How many of us have tried t explain this to him? Morton's Demon is working overtime I'm afraid.


412 posted on 12/12/2005 6:57:43 PM PST by b_sharp (Science adjusts theories to fit evidence, creationism distorts evidence to fit the Bible.)
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To: editor-surveyor
This does seem to be all that the evolution camp has left; they all hate the very idea of God with equal intensity

Your claim is manifestly false. (Having no more integrity than "Bush lied" and similar leftist mantras.) You have, and always have had, every theological shade among evolutionists. You have agressive atheists (e.g. Richard Dawkins) you have skeptical agnostics (e.g. Darwin himself) and YOU ALSO HAVE theists, often fairly pious ones (e.g. Asa Gray, Kenneth Miller, Francisco Ayala, Ronald Fisher, Simon Conway Morris, just to name a few that come to mind).

413 posted on 12/12/2005 7:00:10 PM PST by Stultis (I don't worry about the war turning into "Vietnam" in Iraq; I worry about it doing so in Congress.)
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To: PatrickHenry

read later


414 posted on 12/12/2005 7:01:16 PM PST by LiteKeeper (Beware the secularization of America)
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To: js1138

It's surprising the number of arguments that utilize the 'Appeal to Dictionary' fallacy. LOL.


415 posted on 12/12/2005 7:01:31 PM PST by b_sharp (Science adjusts theories to fit evidence, creationism distorts evidence to fit the Bible.)
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To: Senator Bedfellow; CarolinaGuitarman; Fester Chugabrew
...if you allow only impossible-to-obtain evidence to cause you to re-evaluate your worldview, your worldview is in absolutely no danger of ever being challenged...

On another thread, post 322, Fester was saying he values written records above anything else:

I tend to consider the written records and observations of man to be more reliable in explaining what the universe has contained throughout its history. There is simply no record denoting a gradual progression of life from amoeba to man. Not in any case over 10,000 years.

416 posted on 12/12/2005 7:03:17 PM PST by Virginia-American
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To: jwalsh07
"Sure it does. One can consciously control his heart rate and the same one makes moral decisions consciously both of which are contrary to your assertions.

Could you describe the thoughts that go through your mind when you are making that decision?

417 posted on 12/12/2005 7:04:43 PM PST by b_sharp (Science adjusts theories to fit evidence, creationism distorts evidence to fit the Bible.)
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To: js1138
I don't need new material as long as there are people posting who think that ID is somehow compatible with young earth creationism.

But is IS compatible with young earth creationism. It's also compatible with old earth creationism, and every other sort of creationism. It's also compatible the theory that every-single-thing-in-the-entire-universe-evolved-naturally-except-this-one-little-bit-of-intelligent-design-over-here-no-over-there-oops-you-missed-it.

It's vacuous, and therefore compatible with just about anything. (It was intelligently designed that way.)

418 posted on 12/12/2005 7:07:27 PM PST by Stultis (I don't worry about the war turning into "Vietnam" in Iraq; I worry about it doing so in Congress.)
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To: ChessExpert
"None of these authors discuss religion nearly as much as does Richard Dawkins. They are content to discuss science without mentioning religion. They do not wear theism on their sleeve as Richard Dawkins wears his atheism."

The reality of ID as a religiously based philosophy is not reliant on the number of times its proponents mention religion.

419 posted on 12/12/2005 7:09:09 PM PST by b_sharp (Science adjusts theories to fit evidence, creationism distorts evidence to fit the Bible.)
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To: PatrickHenry
I consider it a grotesque error for the Conservative movement to take a position on this issue. It can do no good for anyone to transport an essentially metaphysical debate into the dusty sweaty world of politics. I have no position on the ID controversy simply because it does not interest me. But as a Conservative I can see where it creates totally needless division: I don't need to have a position on evolution vs. ID, to know the right way to insure educated children, eg, or the appropriate government role in fostering both freedom of religion and growth in the arts and sciences.
420 posted on 12/12/2005 7:09:33 PM PST by hinckley buzzard
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