I guarantee you such a barrel would be radio-opaque. It would show up on an x-ray.
Yes, but airline passengerspaeons aren't (yet) given cavity searches when they go through magnetometers.
Of course, knives that can get through metal detectors are stone age technology, and crossbows aren't all that much newer.
How about the metal detectors that you walk through? Are they senstive to the same things as the x-ray machines?