
Free Republic University, Department of History presents U.S. History, 1861-1865: Seminar and Discussion Forum
The American Civil War, as seen through news reports of the time and later historical accounts
First session: November 21, 2015. Last date to add: May 2025.
Reading: Self-assigned. Recommendations made and welcomed.
Posting history, in reverse order
https://www.freerepublic.com/tag/by:homerjsimpson/index?tab=articles
To add this class to or drop it from your schedule notify Admissions and Records (Attn: Homer_J_Simpson) by reply or freepmail.
Link to previous Harper’s Weekly thread
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/4293226/posts


With Lincoln in the White House: Letters, Memoranda, and Other Writings of John G. Nicolay, 1860-1865, edited by Michael Burlingame


All for the Union: The Civil War Diary and Letters of Elisha Hunt Rhodes, edited by Robert Hunt Rhodes


Diary of a Confederate Soldier: John S. Jackman of the Orphan Brigade, Edited, with an introduction, by William C. Davis
Diary of Gideon Welles: Saturday, February 4, 1865 (“In going the President acted from honest sincerity and without pretension. Perhaps this may have a good effect, and perhaps otherwise.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2021/10/diary-of-gideon-welles-saturday_13.html
Edwin M. Stanton to Lieutenant-General Ulysses S. Grant, February 4, 1865 – 12:20 p.m. (“The President desires me to repeat that nothing transpired or transpiring with the three gentlemen from Richmond is to cause any change, hindrance, or delay of your military plans or operations.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2018/02/edwin-m-stanton-to-major-general_7.html
Major-General George G. Meade to Margaretta Sergeant Meade, February 4, 1865 (“At the present moment, 8 P. M., the artillery on our lines is in full blast, clearly proving that at this moment there is no peace.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/01/major-general-george-g-meade-to_29.html
Captain Charles Wright Wills: February 4, 1865 (“the Rebels evacuated an impregnable position (if there is such a thing), and our brigade was saved thereby from making some more history, for which I am grateful.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2021/02/captain-charles-wright-wills-february-4.html
Diary of 1st Lieutenant Daniel L. Ambrose: February 4, 1865 (“In the evening we cross over into the Palmetto State and go into camp three miles from the river”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/03/diary-of-1st-lieutenant-daniel-l_21.html
Diary of 5th Sergeant Alexander G. Downing: Saturday, February 4, 1865 (“General Mower’s division lost several men here at the bridge yesterday morning about the time that we were crossing below.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/11/diary-of-5th-sergeant-alexander-g_69.html
Diary of John Beauchamp Jones: February 4, 1865 (“The great struggle will be in Virginia, south of Richmond, and both sides will gather up their forces for that event.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/03/diary-of-john-beauchamp-jones-february_70.html
The Confederate Senate to General Robert E. Lee, February 4, 1865 (Recommending putting Gen. Johnston in command of the Army of Tennessee.)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/11/the-confederate-senate-to-general.html
General Robert E. Lee to General Samuel Cooper, February 4, 1865 (“I received your telegram of the 1st inst. announcing my confirmation by the Senate as general-in-chief of the armies of the Confederate States.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2014/04/general-robert-e-lee-to-general-samuel.html

Continued from February 3 (reply #43).
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/4293226/posts#43


David Herbert Donald, Lincoln
This photograph of Lincoln was made when the burden of the presidency had taken its toll. President Lincoln visited Gardner's studio one Sunday in February 1865, the final year of the Civil War, accompanied by the American portraitist Matthew Wilson. Wilson had been commissioned to paint the president's portrait, but because Lincoln could spare so little time to pose, the artist needed recent photographs to work from. The pictures served their purpose, but the resulting painting- a traditional, formal, bust-length portrait in an oval format—is not particularly distinguished and hardly remembered today. Gardner's surprisingly candid photographs have proven more enduring, even though they were not originally intended to stand alone as works of art.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photographs_of_Abraham_Lincoln
Captain Charles Wright Wills: February 5, 1865 (“Only moved four miles to-day, and will probably lay here a few days as Sherman told Wood we were four days ahead of time”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2021/02/captain-charles-wright-wills-february-5.html
Diary of 1st Lieutenant Daniel L. Ambrose: February 5, 1865 (“The seventy thousand are now making a terrible stride in South Carolina, moving through the swamps, the favorite haunts of the slave hunter and his blood hounds.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/05/diary-of-1st-lieutenant-daniel-l_41.html
Diary of 5th Sergeant Alexander G. Downing: Sunday, February 5, 1865 (“The boys brought in smoked bacon by the wagon load, also great quantities of corn meal, sweet potatoes, honey and other good things.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/11/diary-of-5th-sergeant-alexander-g_88.html
Diary of John Beauchamp Jones: February 5, 1865 (“This fruitless mission, I apprehend, will be fraught with evil, unless the career of Sherman be checked”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/03/diary-of-john-beauchamp-jones-february_9.html

Continued from February 3 (reply #42).
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/4293226/posts#42

Doris Kearns Goodwin, Team of Rivals

Continued from January 21 (reply #3).
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/4291545/posts#3


William J. Cooper, Jr., Jefferson Davis, American

Continued from January 13 (reply #31).
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/4288550/posts#31

Douglas Southall Freeman, Lee, an abridgement by Richard Harwell
Diary of Gideon Welles: Monday, February 6, 1865 (“The earnest desire of the President to conciliate and effect peace was manifest, but there may be such a thing as so overdoing as to cause a distrust or adverse feeling.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2021/10/diary-of-gideon-welles-monday-february.html
Captain Charles Wright Wills: February 6, 1865 (“Sherman said he’d chance them for the railroad with what troops there are up. We took the road this morning.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2021/02/captain-charles-wright-wills-february-6.html
Diary of 1st Lieutenant Daniel L. Ambrose: February 6, 1865 (“General Corse [has] orders to move across the country and form a junction with the corps now moving from Pocataligo.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/05/diary-of-1st-lieutenant-daniel-l_38.html
Diary of 5th Sergeant Alexander G. Downing: Monday, February 6, 1865 (“were all day in marching ten miles, the country being so very swampy. We had a great deal of corduroy to build”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/11/diary-of-5th-sergeant-alexander-g_23.html
Diary of John Beauchamp Jones: February 6, 1865 (“Now the South will soon be fired up again, perhaps with a new impulse and WAR will rage with greater fury than ever.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/03/diary-of-john-beauchamp-jones-february_7.html
General Robert E. Lee to Samuel Cooper, February 6, 1865 (“The enemy moved in strong force yesterday to Hatcher’s Run.” Battle ensued.)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/03/general-robert-e-lee-to-samuel-cooper.html
Diary of Malvina S. Waring, February 6, 1865 (“This wild talk about the Federal Army and what it’s going to do is all nonsense. Coming here! Sherman! Why not say he’s going to Paramaribo?”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/02/diary-of-malvina-s-waring-february-6.html

Continued from February 2 (reply #36).
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/4293226/posts#36

James Lee McDonough, William Tecumseh Sherman: In the Service of My Country, A Life
Diary of Gideon Welles: Tuesday, February 7, 1865 (“Strange how men in prominent positions will, for mere party, stoop to help the erring and the guilty. It is a species of moral treason.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2021/10/diary-of-gideon-welles-tuesday-february_13.html
Major-General George G. Meade to Margaretta Sergeant Meade, February 7, 1865 (“The next day (yesterday) Warren attacked the enemy, and after being successful all day, he was towards evening checked and finally compelled to retrace his steps in great disorder.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/01/major-general-george-g-meade-to_30.html
Brigadier-General Thomas Kilby Smith to Elizabeth Budd Smith, February 7, 1865 (“But if I take it I am brought right into the Army of the Potomac, and I can’t bear to lose my Western boys, or the broad Savannahs in the South”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2014/09/brigadier-general-thomas-kilby-smith-to_5.html
Captain Charles Wright Wills: February 7, 1865 (“Our regiment led the corps to-day. The 17th Corps strikes the railroad at Midway, three miles to our right, and the 20th to the left five miles.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2021/02/captain-charles-wright-wills-february-7.html
Diary of 1st Lieutenant Daniel L. Ambrose: February 7, 1865 {“We cross Black Water swamps and go into camp at Hickory Hill, making a distance of ten miles.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/05/diary-of-1st-lieutenant-daniel-l_60.html
Diary of 5th Sergeant Alexander G. Downing: Tuesday, February 7, 1865 (“We marched out on the Augusta and Charleston railroad to burn the bridge over the Edisto river, but the pickets, on hearing our approach, for it was too dark to see anything, all hastened across the bridge and set fire to it themselves.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/11/diary-of-5th-sergeant-alexander-g_24.html
Diary of John Beauchamp Jones: February 7, 1865 (“Congress will soon be likely to vote a negro army, and their emancipation after the war—as Lee favors it.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/03/diary-of-john-beauchamp-jones-february_32.html
Diary of Malvina S. Waring, February 7, 1865 (“Tis a pretty come to pass when $75 of Confederate currency is not the equivalent of an ordinary pair of Massachusetts made shoes!”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/02/diary-of-malvina-s-waring-february-7.html
Diary of 1st Lieutenant Daniel L. Ambrose: February 8, 1865 (“We cross Whippie Swamp about noon to-day and go into camp for the night.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/05/diary-of-1st-lieutenant-daniel-l_69.html
Diary of 5th Sergeant Alexander G. Downing: Wednesday, February 8, 1865 (“Our division started out on the railroad at 7 o’clock this morning and destroyed about ten miles of track.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/11/diary-of-5th-sergeant-alexander-g_29.html
Diary of John Beauchamp Jones: February 8, 1865 (“It is reported by Gen. Lee that the losses on both sides on Monday were light, but the enemy have established themselves on Hatcher’s Run”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/03/diary-of-john-beauchamp-jones-february_15.html
General Robert E. Lee to James A. Seddon, February 8, 1865 (some of the men had been without meat for three days, and all were suffering from reduced rations and scant clothing, exposed to battle, cold, hail, and sleet.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2014/04/general-robert-e-lee-to-james-seddon_8.html
General Robert E. Lee to Senator Louis T. Wigfall, February 8, 1865 (Sen. Wigfall wants to send the Texas Brigade home to recruit. Gen. Lee says no.)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/11/general-robert-e-lee-to-senator-louis-t.html
Diary of Judith Brockenbrough McGuire: February 8, 1865 (“I can’t keep a regular diary now, because I do not like to write all that I feel and hear.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2016/04/diary-of-judith-brockenbrough-mcguire_12.html
Diary of Malvina S. Waring, February 8, 1865 (“Saw that young Englishman again today. He isn’t half the idle dreamer he pretends to be. In truth (but let me whisper it softly), I believe he’s a spy!”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/02/diary-of-malvina-s-waring-february-8.html
Major-General George G. Meade to Margaretta Sergeant Meade, February 9, 1865 (“I note you have seen the report of the Committee on the Conduct of the War, about the Mine. You have done Grant injustice; he did not testify against me”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/01/major-general-george-g-meade-to_31.html
Major Charles Wright Wills: February 9, 1865 (“Late Confederate papers say that Thomas has started south towards Montgomery, leaving Hood behind him.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2021/02/captain-charles-wright-wills-february-9_16.html
Major Charles Wright Wills: February 9, 1865 (“Rear guard on our road to-day. Made about a dozen miles, very disagreeable march. Snowed a little in the morning and terribly cold all day.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2021/02/captain-charles-wright-wills-february-9.html
Diary of 1st Lieutenant Daniel L. Ambrose: February 9, 1865 (“The roads still continue desperate, and in consequence we move slowly. In the evening we cross the little Saltkatchie swamp.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/05/diary-of-1st-lieutenant-daniel-l_16.html
Diary of 5th Sergeant Alexander G. Downing: Thursday, February 9, 1865 (“A great deal of property is being destroyed by our army on this raid.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2015/11/diary-of-5th-sergeant-alexander-g_42.html
Diary of John Beauchamp Jones: February 9, 1865 (“There is to be public speaking in the African Church to-day, or in the Square, to reanimate the people for another carnival of blood.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/03/diary-of-john-beauchamp-jones-february_24.html
General Robert E. Lee’s General Orders No. 1 (“I assume command of the military forces of the Confederate States.”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2014/04/general-robert-e-lees-general-orders-no.html
Diary of Malvina S. Waring, February 9, 1865 (“Finished Les Miserables, Victor Hugo’s grand work. What munificence of power! What eloquence! What strength! How sublime even its absurdities!”)
https://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2024/02/diary-of-malvina-s-waring-february-9.html