Parkinson's can manifest itself in many ways...
Tremor. This rhythmic shaking usually begins in the hands or fingers. Sometimes tremor begins in the foot or jaw. You may rub your thumb and forefinger back and forth. This is known as a pill-rolling tremor. Your hand may tremble when it's at rest or when you're under stress. You may notice that you shake less when you're doing some sort of task or moving around.
Slowed movement, also called bradykinesia. Parkinson's disease may slow your movement, making simple tasks more difficult. It may be hard to get out of a chair, shower or get dressed. You may have less expression in your face. It may be hard to blink.
Rigid muscles. You may have stiff muscles in any part of your body. Your muscles may feel tense and painful, and your arm movements may be short and jerky.
Poor posture and balance. Your posture may become stooped. You may fall or have balance problems. Loss of automatic movements. You may be less able to make certain movements that you typically do without thinking, including blinking, smiling or swinging your arms when you walk.
Speech changes. You may speak softly or quickly, slur, or hesitate before talking. Your speech may be flat or monotone, without typical speech patterns.
Writing changes. You may have trouble writing, and your writing may appear cramped and small.
Nonmotor symptoms. These may include depression, anxiety, constipation and sleep problems. They also may include acting out dreams, needing to urinate often, trouble smelling, problems with thinking and memory, and feeling very tired.
Effects on the brain
Although many brain areas are affected in Parkinson’s disease, the most common symptoms result from the loss of neurons in an area near the base of the brain called the substantia nigra. The neurons in this area produce dopamine. Dopamine is the chemical messenger that transmits signals in the brain to produce smooth, purposeful movement. Studies have shown that most people with PD have lost 60 to 80% or more of the dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra by the time symptoms appear.
People with PD also lose the nerve endings that produce the neurotransmitter norepinephrine—the main chemical messenger to the part of the nervous system that controls many automatic functions of the body, such as pulse and blood pressure. The loss of norepinephrine might explain several of the symptoms of Parkinson’s that are not related to movement, such as fatigue and blood pressure changes.
The affected brain cells of people with PD contain Lewy bodies—deposits of the protein alpha-synuclein. Researchers do not yet know why Lewy bodies form or their role in the disease. Some research suggests that the cell's protein disposal system may fail in people with PD, causing proteins to build up to harmful levels and trigger cell death. Additional studies have found evidence that clumps of protein that develop inside the brain cells of people with PD may contribute to the death of neurons.
What awful symptoms..dam!
Being a typical human..I ran down which symptoms I had even though it does not run in my faimly at all.
I am sorry for what happened to your family...because it sounds like everyone goes through it...of course the person who has it suffers the most! But the family...ah, God I hate diseases and illness.
I know they have L-Dopa but there must be some reason it can’t replace all of the dopamine that is needed...perhaps receptors are damaged too from the disease?
Or the Dopamine that can be received from medication isn’t exactly like that produced in the brain..I think I read that there are different froms of dopamine...little differences depending on where it is produced.
Again, I am sorry you guys had to go through that.
No one should have to.
But now I’m aware of the symptoms to look out for in the older members of my family.
Thank you.
My father was dx’d with Parkinson’s Disease at around age 90. I suspect that he actually had a closely related condition called Multi System Atrophy, and he died of complications from it at 98.
MSA makes the autonomic nervous system start shutting down. At the end his breathing, his blood pressure, his digestion were all ceasing to work properly. But his mind was clear, he had always been a very intelligent man.
The final week, maybe two, hospice ceased feeding him. There was no point, his body had lost the ability to process food. They gave him water, and morphine to calm anxiety and panic.