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Transcript
0:00 · [Music] when you read through the list of Roman Technologies they either invented or
0:08 · developed further it staggers me that the Industrial Revolution didn't start in the
0:13 · Roman era welcome to the story of how the Romans invented the steam engine,
0:19 · 1500 years before the actual Industrial Revolution [Music] almost
0:33 · now if you've been watching this channel a little while you know that I have a love of
0:36 · old routes whether it's a abandoned Railway Canal Roman Road ancient trackway so whilst I'll tell
0:43 · you today's story I'm going to travel along a Roman Road north towards an abandoned Railway
0:50 · actual fact let's have a look and old map back at base and I'll show you the exact route I'm
0:55 · taking
1:02 · and for that we're going to need one of these OS map
1:12 · .....got map okay um Paul that's better okay so today's journey is going to take us a log of
1:21 · Rowan Road towards an abandoned Railway because it kind of fits with the whole theme...
1:28 · [sponsor text redacted] ...so when I say the Train the Romans invented almost I'm not referring to the
3:16 · early horsedrawn traway I'm not referring to the more Modern Diesel or electric train I'm
3:22 · referring to the steam engine now I'm not showing you much Roman Road I've skipped
3:27 · quite a bit there because there's a long boring Road set C got a railway and a canal
3:31 · to cross then I'll show you or attempt to show you some Roman Road from this [Music]
3:40 · area love a cute donkey who doesn't right now we know that steam engines in the their form
3:50 · were well first of all not used to propel things at all that we use as stationary
3:55 · objects maybe to uh do things like pump water in fact just across the way there I can see a
4:02 · big chimney and building which was crofton and beam engines used to pump water from the lake
4:08 · or Reservoir below up back into this here which is the summit level of the kennet and
4:14 · avon Canal so the fact that are stationary for some time that helps me and gives me a little
4:20 · bit of justification for the word almost in the title of the video as you'll come to
4:25 · see so first and foremost what exactly do you need to build a steam engine propelling stuff
4:34 · or not now let's not get into too much detail because there are a few additional extras for
4:40 · safety let's just assume the absolute Basics which you would build on and evolve around 30
4:48 · to 20 BC Roman architect and engineer vitruvius wrote his works the De architectura that was
4:58 · almost like a modern day encyclopedia it contained everything and anything now largely it did focus
5:06 · on architecture and buildings and how to build but also it contains anything else that seemed to pop
5:13 · into his head it's a bit like this YouTube channel in some ways one such passing mention refers to
5:20 · the aelopile he describes this as a metal Ball filled with water which is placed above a fire to
5:27 · produce steam which is forced out of an aperture on top now the key element here is that he doesn't
5:33 · describe any moving parts and perhaps alludes to the fact that this could be an invention more
5:39 · aligned with understanding weather move forward to 62 ad in Alexandria coined is the Roman Empire's
5:48 · cultural capital and we have a man named Heron or hero and he's inventing all kinds of weird
5:55 · and wonderful but not necessarily appreciated things the vend in machine the automatic door
6:02 · um the wind powered organ one thing that goes unnoticed as he invented the world's first steam
6:11 · engine you see he took the works of those before him and adapted Vitruviius' Aeilopile added pivot
6:23 · Points to the metal ball and angled the exit points for the Steam and hey Presto the ball
6:29 · would spin As It produced [Music] steam now ventured North into savernake Forest
6:37 · a thousand year old ancient Woodland here in a vain attempt to do something that I can never
6:43 · really do on this channel which is try and show you on camera the Agger of a Roman Road
6:49 · which Still Remains today largely impossible through the lens of a camera we give it a go
6:54 · come join me this [Music] way now like the TRU before him Heron wrote a list of Works what he
7:02 · learned by all of his tinkering and inventing and book two was entitled pneumatica so you can guess
7:10 · that that contained lots of details on steam powered things one of which was the ELO pile
7:21 · now this broadly translate as wind ball but that's about it there's not really much else
7:27 · in his Works other than how to build it it was almost like it was seen as a toy but nevertheless
7:33 · we have the technology there we know it's there but we do need a few other key elements [Music]
7:42 · first now we know how good the Romans were with water from barves to underfloor heating
7:53 · to Aqueduct it traveled miles across the country but if like me your might not have been aware that
8:00 · they took this one step further 3rd Century ad and we have a waterp powerered stone Sawmill and
8:09 · what is now turkey referred to as Little Asia a water doesn't sound too groundbreaking but what
8:16 · it was attached to in order to power the saw certainly was this is The hieropolis Sawmill
8:22 · and is the earliest known example of a saw mill powered by water using a crank with a connecting
8:28 · rod to perform a crank sliding mechanism well we're getting close you might not able to see
8:34 · it through there on camera yet but through there is all the Hallmarks of a Roman Road
8:41 · in fact right through there up through the trees again that's not going to come out on
8:44 · camera but bear with me so hopefully that diagram shows you how that crank Arman rod
8:50 · works and hopefully now you might be able to begin to see a picture forming if not
8:56 · bear with because you certainly will now I I thought today would be a great day to show you
9:01 · the own roads cuz the leaves are falling down but it's not I can see one right in front of
9:06 · me now and I'll try try and show you a diagram which highlights what I'm looking at but if I
9:11 · turn the camera around you're probably going to see nothing cuz the camera doesn't really show
9:15 · it once again we refer to the Roman's movement of water not just along a flat Aqueduct but also
9:27 · moving it up and down the force pump was used by sitting in the water just below its line and
9:34 · was designed to lift and push up a discharge tube by means of Pistons working in a pair of
9:40 · cylinders to date 25 examples of this Roman technology have been discovered
9:49 · [Music] 25 so we seem to have quite a lot of things in place here as Steam
9:58 · producing bull we have a crank in rod from the Mills and we have Pistons from
10:04 · the force pump action and even within those inventions we have a lot more useful things
10:10 · too we have gearing from the Mills and we have a non- return valve in the force
10:15 · pump doesn't seem like we're going to need much more but there is one thing
10:20 · left above all we have a civilization we have a seemingly ordered one we have mathematicians
10:29 · scientist Society we seem to have a world ready for industrial revolution we do also have larger
10:36 · Industries which would have absolutely benefited from the transport Revolution here in Britain in
10:41 · the mid to late 1700s mining fishing Pottery all kinds of things that would have benefited from
10:48 · that transportation system outside of Roads did I just say mining cuz yes they did have carts in
10:58 · their mines and they did have ruts I wouldn't call them rails but they did have ruts for those carts
11:06 · now one last hunt in the forest before we leave here and head further north for a Roman Road and
11:13 · right here you can see the Agger just slightly raised up by a couple of feet here untouched for
11:21 · a couple of thousand years right now the trees in the middle Believe It or Not of that slope slope
11:28 · Bank whatever you want to call it and uh yeah you can walk along a 2,000 year old Roman Road in saac
11:35 · [Music]
11:41 · Forest I've traveled out of savac forest up there on the hill walked into some rain
11:52 · but that field there right there is one I wanted to see for years in person it's
11:58 · just a field there's nothing there but it did contain the Roman town of coutino this
12:04 · field here this contained one of the uh the tax Haven or the tax um Center for this part
12:11 · of the Roman Empire because in that field they found the Roman town and they found
12:16 · hordes and hordes of coins wheelbarrows literally wheelbarrows full of Roman
12:23 · coins that is quite the image of a Roman town nothing but a field but sat below the ridge
12:35 · of savenac forest very beautiful setting so what went wrong why did all of these technologies that
12:41 · we seemingly have in the Roman time not sort of Link together and kick off this Industrial
12:46 · Revolution for that we may well need to look at the actual Industrial Revolution at that
12:52 · time well there was big change of foot the movement away from handmade to machine made
12:59 · efficiency at the time was absolutely King we also have huge agricultural productivity
13:06 · and we have orbe a poor Road Network we do have an increasing more organized way of
13:12 · moving things around increased efficiency on River navigation and of course [Music]
13:20 · canals so we've now solved the biggest issue in movement and that was getting the goods
13:27 · that were now so abundant and easy to produce to Market and we've arrived here at the start
13:34 · of the end of my journey I don't know if you can make it out but I've just walked
13:39 · down a platform this is ogborn platform that would be the track bed just there and just up
13:45 · ahead of me is something quite special so the Roman Road itself would have also gone
13:49 · pretty much exactly where the railway did as well compare that Industrial Revolution
13:56 · or the Industrial Revolution to the one that didn't happen 2,000 years ago you see it was
14:02 · said that Innovation wasn't really rewarded for the Roman citizen so our poor hero back
14:09 · then well he had every potential to facilitate a Industrial Revolution single-handedly but he had
14:16 · absolutely no motivation to do so here we are arrived the Midlands in Southwestern Junction
14:23 · Railway lovely new sign come and take a look at this so even if our hero or Heron had any inkling
14:32 · of the huge potential of steam power and I do believe he did have an inkling because of some
14:39 · of the things that he invented well there was no reward for him no real motivation I do believe
14:46 · that if someone would have said to him look we have this problem how do we overcome it I do
14:52 · believe that he would have had the solution and here we are arrived my final destination of the
14:58 · today which is ogborn abandoned railway station on the Midlands and Southwestern Junction Railway and
15:04 · this part takes pretty much the same alignment as the Roman Road here taking the same Journey
15:10 · I've been Paul thanks for watching and a big thanks to hellofresh for sponsoring today's
15:15 · video

Transcript
0:00	·	[Music] when you read through the list of Roman Technologies they either invented or
0:08	·	developed further it staggers me that the Industrial Revolution didn't start in the
0:13	·	Roman era welcome to the story of how the Romans invented the steam engine,
0:19	·	1500 years before the actual Industrial Revolution [Music] almost
0:33	·	now if you've been watching this channel a little while you know that I have a love of
0:36	·	old routes whether it's a abandoned Railway Canal Roman Road ancient trackway so whilst I'll tell
0:43	·	you today's story I'm going to travel along a Roman Road north towards an abandoned Railway
0:50	·	actual fact let's have a look and old map back at base and I'll show you the exact route I'm
0:55	·	taking
1:02	·	and for that we're going to need one of these OS map
1:12	·	.....got map okay um Paul that's better okay so today's journey is going to take us a log of
1:21	·	Rowan Road towards an abandoned Railway because it kind of fits with the whole theme...
1:28	·	[sponsor text redacted] ...so when I say the Train the Romans invented almost I'm not referring to the
3:16	·	early horsedrawn traway I'm not referring to the more Modern Diesel or electric train I'm
3:22	·	referring to the steam engine now I'm not showing you much Roman Road I've skipped
3:27	·	quite a bit there because there's a long boring Road set C got a railway and a canal
3:31	·	to cross then I'll show you or attempt to show you some Roman Road from this [Music]
3:40	·	area love a cute donkey who doesn't right now we know that steam engines in the their form
3:50	·	were well first of all not used to propel things at all that we use as stationary
3:55	·	objects maybe to uh do things like pump water in fact just across the way there I can see a
4:02	·	big chimney and building which was crofton and beam engines used to pump water from the lake
4:08	·	or Reservoir below up back into this here which is the summit level of the kennet and
4:14	·	avon Canal so the fact that are stationary for some time that helps me and gives me a little
4:20	·	bit of justification for the word almost in the title of the video as you'll come to
4:25	·	see so first and foremost what exactly do you need to build a steam engine propelling stuff
4:34	·	or not now let's not get into too much detail because there are a few additional extras for
4:40	·	safety let's just assume the absolute Basics which you would build on and evolve around 30
4:48	·	to 20 BC Roman architect and engineer vitruvius wrote his works the De architectura that was
4:58	·	almost like a modern day encyclopedia it contained everything and anything now largely it did focus
5:06	·	on architecture and buildings and how to build but also it contains anything else that seemed to pop
5:13	·	into his head it's a bit like this YouTube channel in some ways one such passing mention refers to
5:20	·	the aelopile he describes this as a metal Ball filled with water which is placed above a fire to
5:27	·	produce steam which is forced out of an aperture on top now the key element here is that he doesn't
5:33	·	describe any moving parts and perhaps alludes to the fact that this could be an invention more
5:39	·	aligned with understanding weather move forward to 62 ad in Alexandria coined is the Roman Empire's
5:48	·	cultural capital and we have a man named Heron or hero and he's inventing all kinds of weird
5:55	·	and wonderful but not necessarily appreciated things the vend in machine the automatic door
6:02	·	um the wind powered organ one thing that goes unnoticed as he invented the world's first steam
6:11	·	engine you see he took the works of those before him and adapted Vitruviius' Aeilopile added pivot
6:23	·	Points to the metal ball and angled the exit points for the Steam and hey Presto the ball
6:29	·	would spin As It produced [Music] steam now ventured North into savernake Forest
6:37	·	a thousand year old ancient Woodland here in a vain attempt to do something that I can never
6:43	·	really do on this channel which is try and show you on camera the Agger of a Roman Road
6:49	·	which Still Remains today largely impossible through the lens of a camera we give it a go
6:54	·	come join me this [Music] way now like the TRU before him Heron wrote a list of Works what he
7:02	·	learned by all of his tinkering and inventing and book two was entitled pneumatica so you can guess
7:10	·	that that contained lots of details on steam powered things one of which was the ELO pile
7:21	·	now this broadly translate as wind ball but that's about it there's not really much else
7:27	·	in his Works other than how to build it it was almost like it was seen as a toy but nevertheless
7:33	·	we have the technology there we know it's there but we do need a few other key elements [Music]
7:42	·	first now we know how good the Romans were with water from barves to underfloor heating
7:53	·	to Aqueduct it traveled miles across the country but if like me your might not have been aware that
8:00	·	they took this one step further 3rd Century ad and we have a waterp powerered stone Sawmill and
8:09	·	what is now turkey referred to as Little Asia a water doesn't sound too groundbreaking but what
8:16	·	it was attached to in order to power the saw certainly was this is The hieropolis Sawmill
8:22	·	and is the earliest known example of a saw mill powered by water using a crank with a connecting
8:28	·	rod to perform a crank sliding mechanism well we're getting close you might not able to see
8:34	·	it through there on camera yet but through there is all the Hallmarks of a Roman Road
8:41	·	in fact right through there up through the trees again that's not going to come out on
8:44	·	camera but bear with me so hopefully that diagram shows you how that crank Arman rod
8:50	·	works and hopefully now you might be able to begin to see a picture forming if not
8:56	·	bear with because you certainly will now I I thought today would be a great day to show you
9:01	·	the own roads cuz the leaves are falling down but it's not I can see one right in front of
9:06	·	me now and I'll try try and show you a diagram which highlights what I'm looking at but if I
9:11	·	turn the camera around you're probably going to see nothing cuz the camera doesn't really show
9:15	·	it once again we refer to the Roman's movement of water not just along a flat Aqueduct but also
9:27	·	moving it up and down the force pump was used by sitting in the water just below its line and
9:34	·	was designed to lift and push up a discharge tube by means of Pistons working in a pair of
9:40	·	cylinders to date 25 examples of this Roman technology have been discovered
9:49	·	[Music] 25 so we seem to have quite a lot of things in place here as Steam
9:58	·	producing bull we have a crank in rod from the Mills and we have Pistons from
10:04	·	the force pump action and even within those inventions we have a lot more useful things
10:10	·	too we have gearing from the Mills and we have a non- return valve in the force
10:15	·	pump doesn't seem like we're going to need much more but there is one thing
10:20	·	left above all we have a civilization we have a seemingly ordered one we have mathematicians
10:29	·	scientist Society we seem to have a world ready for industrial revolution we do also have larger
10:36	·	Industries which would have absolutely benefited from the transport Revolution here in Britain in
10:41	·	the mid to late 1700s mining fishing Pottery all kinds of things that would have benefited from
10:48	·	that transportation system outside of Roads did I just say mining cuz yes they did have carts in
10:58	·	their mines and they did have ruts I wouldn't call them rails but they did have ruts for those carts
11:06	·	now one last hunt in the forest before we leave here and head further north for a Roman Road and
11:13	·	right here you can see the Agger just slightly raised up by a couple of feet here untouched for
11:21	·	a couple of thousand years right now the trees in the middle Believe It or Not of that slope slope
11:28	·	Bank whatever you want to call it and uh yeah you can walk along a 2,000 year old Roman Road in saac
11:35	·	[Music]
11:41	·	Forest I've traveled out of savac forest up there on the hill walked into some rain
11:52	·	but that field there right there is one I wanted to see for years in person it's
11:58	·	just a field there's nothing there but it did contain the Roman town of coutino this
12:04	·	field here this contained one of the uh the tax Haven or the tax um Center for this part
12:11	·	of the Roman Empire because in that field they found the Roman town and they found
12:16	·	hordes and hordes of coins wheelbarrows literally wheelbarrows full of Roman
12:23	·	coins that is quite the image of a Roman town nothing but a field but sat below the ridge
12:35	·	of savenac forest very beautiful setting so what went wrong why did all of these technologies that
12:41	·	we seemingly have in the Roman time not sort of Link together and kick off this Industrial
12:46	·	Revolution for that we may well need to look at the actual Industrial Revolution at that
12:52	·	time well there was big change of foot the movement away from handmade to machine made
12:59	·	efficiency at the time was absolutely King we also have huge agricultural productivity
13:06	·	and we have orbe a poor Road Network we do have an increasing more organized way of
13:12	·	moving things around increased efficiency on River navigation and of course [Music]
13:20	·	canals so we've now solved the biggest issue in movement and that was getting the goods
13:27	·	that were now so abundant and easy to produce to Market and we've arrived here at the start
13:34	·	of the end of my journey I don't know if you can make it out but I've just walked
13:39	·	down a platform this is ogborn platform that would be the track bed just there and just up
13:45	·	ahead of me is something quite special so the Roman Road itself would have also gone
13:49	·	pretty much exactly where the railway did as well compare that Industrial Revolution
13:56	·	or the Industrial Revolution to the one that didn't happen 2,000 years ago you see it was
14:02	·	said that Innovation wasn't really rewarded for the Roman citizen so our poor hero back
14:09	·	then well he had every potential to facilitate a Industrial Revolution single-handedly but he had
14:16	·	absolutely no motivation to do so here we are arrived the Midlands in Southwestern Junction
14:23	·	Railway lovely new sign come and take a look at this so even if our hero or Heron had any inkling
14:32	·	of the huge potential of steam power and I do believe he did have an inkling because of some
14:39	·	of the things that he invented well there was no reward for him no real motivation I do believe
14:46	·	that if someone would have said to him look we have this problem how do we overcome it I do
14:52	·	believe that he would have had the solution and here we are arrived my final destination of the
14:58	·	today which is ogborn abandoned railway station on the Midlands and Southwestern Junction Railway and
15:04	·	this part takes pretty much the same alignment as the Roman Road here taking the same Journey
15:10	·	I've been Paul thanks for watching and a big thanks to hellofresh for sponsoring today's
15:15	·	video