What you described were enabled by, and dependent on, the Progressive 16th and 17th Amendments.
Overnight, these two amendments rendered the Framer’s stable and federal governing form into an unstable democratic form doomed to terminate in tyranny.
The wonder is that we’ve lasted so long.
The 16th (Income Tax) and the 17th (elections of Senators) Amendments certainly changed the government from one that was of, by, and for the people to one that was against them.