Researchers identify cytokine signature that allows COVID-19 patients with worst prognosis to be spotted early (On hospital entry, high IL-6 + elevated sIL2Ra and IL-10 = No immune suppressants; High IP-10 = Immune suppressants)

Medical Xpress / European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) ^ | Apr. 23, 2022 | Dr. Emanuela Sozio et al

[ConservativeMind]

Research has identified cytokines that can help predict which COVID-19 patients are at risk of serious illness and death.

An overreaction of the immune system, in which excessive levels of proteins called cytokines produce damaging levels of inflammation, can lead to organ failure and death in COVID-19 patients.

It isn't known, however, which cytokines drive the process. Being able to measure levels of these cytokines when patients are admitted to the hospital would allow those with the worst prognosis to be identified and their therapy personalized.

Dr. Emanuela Sozio carried out a retrospective study of 415 patients (65.5% male) hospitalized with COVID-19.

15.7% of the patients died in hospital and 23.6% had a negative outcome (orotracheal intubation and/or death).

Serum levels of a large panel of cytokines were measured on admission and compared against outcomes, in combination with other biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and mid regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM).

The researchers were able to build a decision tree (a type of flow chart) that allowed them to predict those at risk of a negative outcome, based on the levels of the cytokines and other biomarkers in their blood.

This first split patients into two groups, based on their IL-6 levels, before using their levels of IL-10, MR-proADM, sIL2Ra, IP10, and CRP to determine whether they were at risk of a negative outcome.

The analysis also revealed high levels of IP-10 on admission can signal an excessive immune response that may lead to the patient developing lung fibrosis and needing intubation.

A further finding was that high levels of IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, can be accompanied by elevated levels of sIL2Ra and IL-10, which have an anti-inflammatory role. This is important, because in such cases, the immunosuppressive drugs normally used to treat severe COVID could do more harm than good.

[ConservativeMind]

This was a different study and presentation from an earlier, but similar, thread I posted.

[ConservativeMind]

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[Wuli]

The cytokine IL-17A is known for (a) being heightened due to immune system response to either Covid-19 directly or the mRNA vaccines’ productions of the spike proteins connected with Covid-19 and (b) also represents the cytokine involved in the autoimmune disesase known as psoriasis.

For me, what that all meant is that after a lifetime of psoriasis being a very tiny minor hardly ever noticed ailment, and then upon getting the two doses of the Pfizer vaccine, my body began to have psoriasis plagues just about everywhere.

After a nearly year long fight and as the mRNA spike protein factories gradually diminished (only after many months), I am finally near the end of my vaccine induced bout of psoriasis.

Thank goodness for me that my body’s severe reaction to the vaccine was only what it was and nothing worse.

[Bob434]

i wonder if there are tests for the general public? Would be good to know if someone will be susceptible to severe reactions to covid- or is the test only for people who have covid?