[Captain Walker]

Even Indian tribes on the Great Plains who had no written languages would have laughed at this.

Only because they learned early on that all too often, the paleface spoke with a "forked tongue".

(As foreign to the Judeo-Christian tradition that their moral code may have been, they did take one's word seriously.)

[Alberta's Child]

And yet the tribes with written agreements have more leverage even today than those that don’t have them.

One of the landmark U.S. Supreme Court rulings in 2019 was in a hunting case involving a Crow Indian who claimed the state of Wyoming could not legally restrict him from hunting on public land. Justice Gorsuch sided with the four liberals on the court and ruled in his favor. He wrote the majority opinion, and based his decision on the language of the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868.