Key word....”THEORY”
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You don’t have to see a theory work to prove that it’s a law. You make a model, then test it thoroughly. If the model survives all tests then the theory is true, and it’s a law.
Unless new evidence or information is found, then the model may or may not still be valid and if not, then your law is disproved and your peer reviewed work is file thirteened.
The simple nature of a body of knowledge, aka, “science”.