Posted on 12/03/2021 11:34:31 PM PST by Kevmo
Temperature and pressure dependence of anomalous heat generation occurring in hydrogen gas absorption by metal powder
Tomotaka Kobayashi 1 , Junsuke Shigemura 1 , Ken Naitoh 1 , Yutaka Mori 2 , Reiko Seto 2 , Joji Hachisuka 2
1 Waseda University, Japan 2 Technova Inc., Japan E-mail: winningshot1996@asagi.waseda.jp
It is known that anomalous heat is generated when hydrogen (or deuterium) gas is absorbed by nickel or palladium powder [1-2]. There are lots of researches while increasing either initial temperature or pressure in reaction chamber.
In our previous report [3], we developed a small constant-volume reaction system (shown in Fig. 1) in order to validate excess heat generation, while increasing both of pressure and temperature simultaneously. This is because only temperature increase may lead to less reaction due to the possibility that hydrogen gas heated gets out of metal powder such as palladium or nickel.
In this report, we conduct fundamental experiment of hydrogen gas absorption, up to 300 ℃ and 0.5 MPa. Sample (nickel powder or Pd-Ni-Zr composite powder) absorbs loaded hydrogen gas, after evacuation and preheating. Temperature changing of the sample is measured by K-type thermo couple.
As a result, temperature rise of about 4 K is observed in the experiment conducted for nickel powder, while that of about 12 K for Pd-Ni-Zr composite powder is obtained. Emphasis is placed on the fact that temperature rise is assisted by not only preheating but also gas absorption under higher pressure.
Obtained experimental results brings an insight on quantitative evaluation of correlation between output of temperature increase after reaction and input parameters such as preheat and loading gas pressure of hydrogen gas. This will also be important as basic database for the focusing compression engine proposed by us [4].
[1] A.G. Parkhomov, V.A. Zhigalov, S.N. Zabavin, A.G. Sobolev, T.R. Timerbulatov, “Nickelhydrogen heat generator continuously working for 7 months,” 22nd International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (ICCF22) Book of Abstracts, Assisi, p. 77, 2019.
[2] Y. Arata, Y. Zhang, “The Establishment of Solid Nuclear Fusion Reactor,” J. High Temp. Soc., vol. 34, pp. 85-93, 2008.
[3] T. Kobayashi, K. Naitoh, A. Takahashi, R. Seto, J. Hachisuka, et al. “Development of reaction system with small chamber for fundamental experiments measuring anomalous heat effect,” Proc. 20th Meeting of Japan CF Research Society JCF20, Fukuoka, pp. 1-8, 2019.
[4] K. Naitoh, et al., “Fundamental Experimental Tests toward Future Cold Fusion Engine Based on Point-compression due to Supermulti-jets Colliding with Pulse (Fusine),” J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., vol. 24, pp. 236-243, 2017.
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Vortex-L
http://tinyurl.com/pxtqx3y
Best book to get started on this subject:
EXCESS HEAT
Why Cold Fusion Research Prevailed by Charles Beaudette
https://www.abebooks.com/9780967854809/Excess-Heat-Why-Cold-Fusion-0967854806/plp
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https://freerepublic.com/focus/chat/3977426/posts?page=19#19
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This topic has a following, people who wish to learn and discuss the materials presented.
Please refrain from posting anything that doesn’t legitimately address the issue.
Something is going on in this segment of science. There are a considerable number of research groups studying the matter.
19 posted on 7/19/2021, 6:45:09 PM by Sidebar Moderator
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It could be. That was the mistake Pons & Fleischmann made, saying that it was a nuclear process. If it IS a super-duper-chemical process, it has the potential to replace all coal-fired power plants in the world, as well as bring electricity generation down to the level of single households.
It could be argued that is possible now with natural gas microturbines. Plus, in the colder climates the waste heat can be folded into a heating system.
CC
But you are an accountant type and know what rounding errors are. To me, 99.9999% of these are the equivalent of rounding errors. Rounding errors do not MIRACULOUSLY produce new wealth and heat measurement errors do not MIRACULOUSLY produce new energy either.
THERE I SAID IT, just told the free energy types that Santa might be a fake and it’s really their parents leaving the half eaten cookie out.
Natural gas microturbines. Fascinating.
A few years back I was looking into which publicly traded microturbine companies would be able to capitalize quickly with a Stirling Cycle Turbine engine. I believe Capstone [CPST] even had one for sale on their website. But it is scrubbed now.
I found a reference to this project here:
https://www.engr.colostate.edu/~marchese/mech337-10/epri.pdf
BSR discussed this
possibility with Capstone Turbine Corporation about two years ago. While it was too early to
progress with the idea at that time, BSR has not lost sight of the waste heat or exhaust fuel
option.
BSR estimates a long lifetime for the SUNPULSE ™ engine, due to the relatively low operating
temperatures and low operating frequency. Use of air as the working fluid also eliminates the
requirement of a hydrogen or helium bottle typically needed for recharging. The SUNPULSE ™
products are still in the early stages of development; thus, physical and operating specifications
have not yet been determined. BSR estimates a market entry (or breakeven) production volume
of less than 250 units per year, with a manufacturing cost of $600-750 per kilowatt.
Table A-4
BSR Solar Target Specifications – SUNPULSE™ Engine
Product Engine
Product Status Design/Lab Stage, May Have a Single Unit in Testing
Engine Type Free-Piston
Cylinders / Power Pistons One
Working Fluid Air
Hot End Temperature 200-900 ºF
100-500 ºC
Power Output 5-10 kWe AC
Fuel Solar Radiation, Waste Heat, Natural Gas
Electrical Efficiency 35%
(LHV Fuel In to AC Electricity Out)
Production Cost $600-750/kWe @ 250 units per year
EPRI Perspective
BSR’s low-temperature philosophy and Stirling engine design is unique compared to other
technology developers. While the company is still in the early stages of development and has
not yet tested large numbers of systems, early results from the first natural-gas-fueled
SUNPULSE ™ demonstrator are very promising. The BSR technology bears watching.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343596354_Use_of_Stirling_Engine_for_Waste_Heat_Recovery
Use of Stirling Engine for Waste Heat Recovery
August 2020Energies 13(16):4133
DOI:10.3390/en13164133
Authors:
Peter Durcansky
University of Žilina
Radovan Nosek
Jozef Jnadacka
University of Žilina
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Citations (5)
References (30)
Figures (2)
Abstract and Figures
Even though this discovery dates back to 1816, the greatest advancement in technology and understanding of Stirling-cycle devices has occurred in the last 50 years. Although their mass production is currently limited to special-purpose machines, its prospective use is in combination with renewable sources and indicates a potential for commercial purposes. The lack of commercial success, despite obvious advantages, is probably due to a lack of appropriate modeling techniques and theoretical predictions of what these devices can achieve. Nowadays the Stirling engine has found its use mainly in solar power plants, where it represents the only piston engine converting solar energy into mechanical and then electricity with relatively high efficiency. The Stirling engine also appears to be suitable for recovering waste heat, especially in heavy industry. The numerical model was adapted for the existing Cleanergy Stirling engine, to evaluate the possibilities of this one engine for waste heat recovery. This paper also deals with application options and individual parameters that affect the efficiency of this Stirling engine for waste heat recovery. The analysis showed that this kind of engine is capable of recovering and utilizing heat above 300 °C, which determines its possible use with solar energy.
List of Stirling engines.
…
Measured electric output with standard deviation.
…
Figures - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
THE LAZY ENVIRONMENTALIST
http://thelazyenvironmentalist.blogspot.com/2006/11/concentrating-solar-power-how-mirrors.html
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 2006
Concentrating Solar Power: how mirrors can light up the world
Yesterday the Guardian published an article on my favourite energy solution. It’s called Concentrating Solar Power (CSP).
It’s a simple, potentially wide ranging and hugely effective solution to our energy needs - not just for the UK, but for the whole of Europe and beyond. Just three vital components are needed - lots of sunshine, lots of space and lots of mirrors, which are arranged so that they focus the sunlight into a small area.
This is how it works: the sun hits the mirrors, which then concentrate the sunlight to create heat. Ever done that ladies survival trick of using a compact-mirror to light a fire? Well, it’s a similar principle, except rather than lighting twigs the heat created can be used to generate electricity by raising steam and driving a Stirling turbine, just like a conventional power station.
The electricity can then be transmitted via very efficient high-voltage direct-current cables (‘HVDC’) throughout Europe, the Middle East, North Africa. Some of these HVDC transmission lines are in place already but more would be needed in the proposed new system. The heat from a CSP plant can be stored so that electricity generation may continue through the night and on cloudy days.
There are numerous advantages to this solution:
1. CSP works. There are CSP plants operating successfully in California, Arizona, Spain, the Nevada desert and Southern Australia.
2. It’s a carbon-free, nuclear-free solution
3. CSP has huge potential in terms of scale. Every year it pours down the equivalent of 1.5m barrels of oil of energy for every square kilometre.
4. A Europe-wide grid of HVDC Transmission lines could be stored underground and even under the sea.
5. Although capital costs would be high, running costs and maintenance would be low. After all, no uranium or fuel needs to be found - it is merely dependent on the sun as it’s constantly renewable source of energy.
6. Studies by the German Aerospace Centre demonstrate that by covering just 0.5% of the world’s hot deserts with CSP would provide the world’s entire electricity needs, with the technology also providing desalinated water to desert regions as a valuable byproduct, as well as air conditioning for nearby cities.
7. CSP is cheaper than oil (currently at $60 per barrel and increasing), calculated at around $50 per barrel of oil equivalent for the cost of building a plant, falling sharply to about $20, as the production of the mirrors reaches industrial levels. It is about half the equivalent cost of using the photovoltaic cells that people have on their roofs. The TRANS-CSP Report estimates that CSP electricity delivered to London would cost about 5.5 eurocents per kilowatt-hour, including the cost of transmission.
8. The electricity generated can be transmitted over very long distances with transmission losses of no more than about 3% per 1000 km. For the whole of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, it is estimated that average transmission losses would be about 10%. Considering that the ‘fuel’ is free, this compares well with the 70%+ losses that have been accepted for many years in conventional coal-fired power stations (where the fuel is far from being free).
9. Unlike nuclear with it’s storage problems, unresolved sequestration issues, high cost of obtaining uranium and high risk of terrorist intervention, CSP has none of these disadvantages.
10. It’s a brilliant solution.
The German scientist Dr Gerhard Knies states “Contrary to what is commonly supposed it is entirely feasible, and cost-effective, to transmit solar electricity over long distances. Solar electricity imported to Europe would be amongst the cheapest source of electricity and that includes transporting it,” he says. “CSP imports would be much less vulnerable to interruption than are current imports of gas, oil and uranium.” It’s a realistic solution, and it’s a solution we could implement now.
For further information, go to the comprehensive Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC-UK) website
pdf of Guardian article
Go to www.trecers.net/news.html for interview with Dr. Gerhard Knies at “BBC The World Tonight”
POSTED BY POLLY HIGGINS AT 8:07 AM
LABELS: CSP, DESERT POWER, MIRRORS, SOLAR THERMAL POWER, SUN ENERGY
Pons & Fleischmann were two of the most accomplished electrochemists of their day. Their Anomalous Heat Event was replicated within about a year by the top ~100 or so “Veritable list of Who’s Who of Electrochemistry”.
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/3963819/posts
You HONESTLY think this is all due to rounding errors?
Your logic is flawed. I said most and you convert that to all.
Bullshiite. “99.9999% “ is far more akin to ALL than MOST.
That’s called hyperbole, not a scientifically derived number.
Nonsense is still nonsense.
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