In this time when everything about K-12 education is up in the air and up for grabs, we should consider that the default educational context in the period before 1880 was one room schools controlled by working parents and local boards, which rewarded diligence and merit in the educational enterprise, was oriented toward biblical and civic literacy, and inculcated high regard for the Christian acceptance of the classics and good, modest literature (the good vs. the great books) among children of families of modest means, children who had time-limitations on their school career because of the need to go to work early.
Developments which cloud our vision of that, to us idyllic time, admittedly subject to "the good-old-days syndrome", the time with a proper educational hierarchical order, include the following issues which we have trouble seeing beyond. This is a list of descending chronology, in which the older issues are of greater importance.
The Hall of Shame of the 19th-20th Century of Mis-Education Saboteurs
Consideration of a bullet list of the historical architects of failure can help homeschoolers now to sidestep the futile outreach of the school hierarchy.
Ideology From the Ivory Tower Down to the Normal Schools. Intellectuals spin etherial theories about how the little people must live, but dont pick up the tab. John Dewey destroyed primary 1-6 education between 1920 and 1940, from Columbia Teachers College for trainers of trainers, to mis-educate generations of teachers at Normal Schools across America, effectively jettisoning of the Western civilization legacy of Good and Great Books from Americas schools across the board.
By the first quarter of the 20th century, broad public awareness of socialist mis-educators' destructive plans caused them to veil their actual intentions in smuggled phrases like "democracy" and "progressivism".
At the beginning of the 20th century, education was subjected to the broad action of monopolization of all institutions, cartelizing the educational enterprise that had been the natural domain of families and local towns.
Instead of senior students of the One Room School assuming Headmaster and Headmistress roles at the local level, Teachers must be mass-processed through Normal Schools (Horace Mann). Mega High Schools with thousands of anonymous students must replace the intimate, home and local educational enterprise. School Districts must be combined into larger and larger districts, so that the NEA could dictate Federal Educational policy.
(Please read the whole reply before calling me names!)
They/you are misquoting John Dewey.
In the context of everything, he said Dewey was arguing for a pedagogy where every child learns in the way their brain naturally learn. Thus, math through manipulatives (i.e. two sets of two oranges equal 4 oranges) rather than simple route memory. There isn’t anything wrong with that though I believe there is a place for route learning.
He was talking about pedagogy, not the content of pedagogy. He believed that educational pedagogy should be based on science, not just tradition or as in the case of 19th-century schools, brute punishment, and memorization. The problem was AND IS that the thinkers he based his ideas on were often wrong. Maslow was wrong and has been proven wrong There is no “Self-Actualization” pyramid. Henry James was wrong about how the brain works. John Locke was wrong, children’s minds are not blank slates, Herbert Spenser was almost a literal NAZI. This means that whatever good was in Dewey’s educational thought is perverted by the bad ideas of the men he chose to build his pedagogical reforms around.
He was neither the Saint some on the left want him to be or the devil that many on the right portray him as. You have to separate Dewey’s ideas about pedagogy from his political and phycological ideas which were so flawed as to be comical if not actually evil.
If you want to see where and how John Dewey was actually wrong I’ve provided a link to a book by Kerian Egan.
The problem with US education is not the pedagogy, it’s the educational philosophy that drives the pedagogy.