If they develop space ships that can travel faster than light, how do they avoid meteors, asteroids, planets and space junk?
The navigational deflector (also known just as the deflector, the deflector array, the deflector dish, the main deflector, the nav deflector for short, or the parabolic dish) was a component of many starships, and was used to deflect space debris, asteroids, microscopic particles and other objects that might have collided with the ship. At warp speed the deflector was virtually indispensable for most starships as even the most minute particle could cause serious damage to a ship when it was traveling at superluminal velocities. (VOY: “Alliances”, “Collective”)
https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Navigational_deflector
That is a problem that has been a part of sci-fi novels for decades.
One unique ‘solution’ I read was a huge ice shield slightly ahead of the space ship, that would shield the ship from damage from hitting a hydrogen atom at the speed of light.
Another ‘solution’ was the ship was not traveling in ‘space’ but in ‘time’, making small ‘jumps’ of milliseconds at a time into the ‘future’ while the Universe was moving............
A spaceship traveling at near light speed. Particle density in intergalactic space is taken to be at least 1 hydrogen atom per cubic centimeter. How is this any different then an accelerator like say the LHC firing particles (hydrogen atoms) at a stationary target. This time the atoms are moving at near light speeds & the target is stationary. In the spaceship the, target (the ship) is moving and the particles are stationary. This likely a lot of high powered radiation to deal with!
Deflector shields