May 25. The night raid of the English on Dortmund was extraordinarily heavy, probably the worst ever directed against a German city . . . Reports from Dortmund are pretty horrible . . . Industrial and munition plants have been hit very hard . . . Some eighty to one hundred thousand inhabitants without shelter . . . The people in the West are gradually beginning to lose courage. Hell like that is hard to bear . . . In the evening I received a [further] report on Dortmund. Destruction is virtually total. Hardly a house is habitable . . .
William L. Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich