[Erasmus]

Plus the breaking of the German and Japanese ciphers.

[Lonesome in Massachussets]

Radar often provided a decisive tactical advantaged, especially in the Battle of the Atlantic. Doenitz insistence that U-Boats surface and send in their location every night was a godsend to the Allies. Even without decryption, HUFF-DUFF (High frequency direction finding) gave the allies a fix on every single U-Boat, the encrypted coordinates, when available, only made it better.

ENIGMA gave no warning the the Ardennes Offensive. While the Germans enforced strict radio silence, possibly to thwart traffic analysis, perhaps they smelled a rat, Allied commanders had become too reliant on ENIGMA giving them the German order of battle. Radar did come through, even in the Bulge. The Army had anti-personnel artillery shells with radar altimeter fuzes. They had kept them back lest the Germans reverse engineer duds and use them on us. Their use was first authorized during the Bulge. The effect, both tactical and psychological was devastating. Some German infantry units mutinied. Patton was so aghast that he thought they should be outlawed by international treaty, like gas and germ warfare.