If they had only wanted these rights to extend to citizens, they would have used the word “citizen” and not “person.”
“nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”
So how dies arresting an ILLEGAL alien violate that? They get their day in court, and the law applies equally to all illegal aliens, even though it is harder to catch one that spoke perfect English.