Ladies, PLEASE keep your windows closed, (or at most, just cracked open) and your car doors locked. If he can't enter the car, he can't put a strangle hold on you!
Also, as Grandma always told my mother & aunts, "never leave home without a large hat pin."
Cops and prosecutors have a very hard time proving you of violating a 'free victim zone', where guns and pepper spray, etc are banned.
Very true!
Forrest J. Ackerman (former publisher of Famous Monsters of Filmland) was in Italy with his wife when an attacker smashed the car window and killed her in a robbery attempt (in 1990, when she was approx. 78 years old).
Having your windows rolled up may prevent some intrusions, but it won't make you 100% safe. Criminals in Europe can be quite savage and broad in their technique.