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Here’s what I had in my notes about the definition of “civil officer:”

In the context of Article II, Section 4 of the U.S. Constitution, “civil officers” generally refers to individuals who hold positions of public trust and authority within the federal government, excluding military officers and members of Congress. These are typically appointed officials in the executive and judicial branches.

Examples of “civil officers” include:

Cabinet Members – Such as the Secretary of State, Attorney General, and other department heads.
Federal Judges – Including Supreme Court justices and lower federal court judges.
Ambassadors – Diplomats representing the United States in foreign countries.
Other High-ranking Federal Officials – Those appointed under the Appointments Clause of the Constitution.
The term is interpreted broadly to encompass any officer whose duties involve the execution of federal laws or governance, provided they are not part of the military. This interpretation allows the impeachment process to apply to officials whose conduct might warrant removal for “Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.”