Matthew was a Levite the Scriptures tell us, which really made him an outcast, because he is supposed to be a priest, not a tax collector for her Romans.
Now as for the rest we don't know. However we do know Paul was Benjaminite. Although he was not one of the original disciples, but was one by decree of Christ personally choosing him on his trip to Damascus.
As for the many tribes that would still be recognizable at that time, only those of the tribes of Benjamin, Judah, and Levi would be traceable, since all the other tribes were taken away by the Northern kingdom and lost any trace of their genealogy.
There are those who claim the Reubanites and the Simeonites were melted into Judah like Benjamin was before the captivity, and the Livites obviously were the priests, they all pretty much Joined Judah when the kingdom split during the reign of Solomon's son Rehoboam
We do know from Jewish writings that many of those from the lost tribes did eventually return and became adopted into the tribe of Judah and hence became Jews themselves, but as I said, they could lay no legal claim to any other tribe because all genealogical records were destroyed when Assyria took the all captive and dispersed most them, or sold them into slavery around the then known World.
Now there are those who remained in the Northern kingdom area, but through the years they either joined the Jews, or intermarried like some Jews did that were left behind after Babylon took away the Southern kingdom. They intermarried with those Babylon and Assyria moved in from other parts of the the known World, and became the Samaritans of Jesus day. Like the woman at the well. She was an ancestor of Jacob, but knew not from what tribe, thus she was a Samaritan, whom the Jews would have nothing to do with.
I hope that helps.
Reading that was a great way to start the day.;-)