[Paal Gulli]

Rome became the west’s first metropolis in no small part because of sanitation, the aqueducts and the sewers.

Poo went in the toilet but urine was collected and used for commercial uses, like dying cloth. It even was ancient toothpaste, but I can’t imagine it left your breath “kissing sweet.”

[SunkenCiv]

and while they are mostly no longer in use, a lot of Rome's water and sewer network has survived.

• Taking Out the Trash in Ancient Jerusalem [Roman era] [02/12/2018]
• Roman rubbish dump reveals secrets of ancient trading networks [06/07/2015]
• An ancient wreck tells the tale of Romans in France [03/20/2014]
• Trash Talk [ Monte Testaccio, imperial Roman landfill ] [05/05/2012]

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• Reconstructing the history of mankind with the help of fecal sterols -- first test on the Maori [10/15/2018]
• Fecal records show Maya population fell due to climate change that caused droughts and flooding [07/01/2021]
• A Triassic Insect Was Found Perfectly Preserved in Dinosaur Poop For The First Time [07/02/2021]