Replies

DL quoting woodpusher: "The war ended with slavery still lawful in several northern states. "

Noooo, by April, 1865, only two Union states had not passed abolition laws: Kentucky & Delaware.
Kentucky reported ~225,000 slaves in the 1860 census (yes, I looked it up), of whom it's estimated around 40,000 remained to be freed by the 1865 13th Amendment.
The rest had been freed, or freed themselves and 24,000 had served in the Union Army.
Delaware's slave population had been falling for decades and in 1860 was reported as ~1,800 of whom ~1,000 remained in 1865 to be freed by the 13th Amendment.

So here are the key dates in US abolition laws:

Slavery in Washington, DC, was abolished by law on April 16, 1862.
Every Union territory was covered by the June 19, 1862 Abolition in Territories Law.
Confederate states were emancipated by Lincoln's 1863 proclamation:
Union slave-states of Missouri, Maryland and West Virginia passed their own abolition laws in 1864 and early 1865.

Bottom Line: "The [13th] amendment was ratified by the legislatures of enough states by December 6, 1865, and proclaimed 12 days later.
There were approximately 40,000 slaves in Kentucky and 1,000 in Delaware who were liberated then.[28]"

DiogenesLamp: "And the manner in which that was done was a farce.
All the people in the conquered states were not allowed to vote. "

All the people in the conquered states who declared allegiance to the United States, including some former slaves, were allowed to vote.
Confederates, having declared themselves non-citizens, were temporarily disenfranchised.

DiogenesLamp: "No amendment should have been possible until the normal civil order was restored, and I am quite confident that if the actual will of the people was made manifest, the 13th amendment would never have passed."

Normal civil order was restored when Confederates surrendered, primarily in April 1865.
Those loyal to the Union did vote to ratify the 13th Amendment.
After the disputed 1876 election, former Confederates returned to political power and effectively nullified the 13th, 14th & 15th Amendments for most of the next 100 years.

But, slowly, times do change and even Mississippi's 1865 rejection of the 13th Amendment was reversed in 1995, Mississippi's ratification confirmed in 2013.

Noooo, by April, 1865, only two Union states had not passed abolition laws: Kentucky & Delaware.

You are a sick man. Seek help.

[BroJoeK #104 posted on 10/3/2021, 12:52:06 PM]

In the 1860 census New Jersey reported 18 slaves.
Of those 18, 16 remained to be freed by the 13th Amendment in 1865.

Have your short term memory checked.

https://nj.gov/state/historical/his-2021-juneteenth.shtml

Department of State
New Jersey Historical Commission
The Hon. Tahesha Way, Secretary of State
By Noelle Lorraine Williams, Director, African American History Program The New Jersey Historical Commission
This year forty-seven states including New Jersey will observe Juneteenth (also known as Freedom Day or Emancipation Day) as a state holiday—a holiday that commemorates when enslaved Blacks in Galveston, Texas learned that they were, in fact, freed by President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation two and half years earlier. The date was June 19, 1865. Juneteenth then is a holiday of celebration and a mournful remembrance of deep injustice and loss. It reveals the injustice of slavery and the legal repression of African American freedom, extending beyond the nineteenth century.
But we must remember that there were still enslaved Black men and women in New Jersey even after Juneteenth. Imagine, New Jersey’s death grip on slavery meant that until December 1865, six months after enslaved men, women, and children in Texas found out they were cheated of their freedom, approximately 16 African Americans were still technically enslaved in New Jersey.
But Why and How?
While there were many Black, mixed-race, and white people in New Jersey who fought against slavery, most legislators refused to condemn the institution. Profits from slaveholding organizations had built and maintained the state’s major cities and regional centers like Newark and those in Bergen County.
Lincoln's 1863 Emancipation Proclamation did not free enslaved African Americans in the Northern States; it freed only those in the mostly southern "rebellious states." Two years later, New Jersey bitterly refused to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment, the United States Constitutional Amendment that abolished slavery and involuntary servitude across the country.
Slavery’s final legal death in New Jersey occurred on January 23, 1866, when in his first official act as governor, Marcus L. Ward of Newark signed a state Constitutional Amendment that brought about an absolute end to slavery in the state. In other words, the institution of slavery in New Jersey survived for months following the declaration of freedom in Texas.
To understand this historical development, one needs to take a step back to 1804 when New Jersey passed its Gradual Abolition of Slavery law—an act that delayed the end of slavery in the state for decades. It allowed for the children of enslaved Blacks born after July 4, 1804 to be free, only after they attained the age of 21 years for women and 25 for men. Their family and everyone else near and dear to them, however, remained enslaved until they died or attained freedom by running away or waiting to be freed.
In a period when the average life expectancy was 40 years old, the 1804 law essentially took more than half of these people's lives to satisfy the economic and political demands of New Jersey enslavers.
In essence, Juneteenth, not only marks the day African Americans in Texas realized that they had been robbed of two years of their freedom, following the Emancipation Proclamation. It also commemorates all of our ancestors here in New Jersey who were the last Blacks in the North to be ensnared in that bloody institution.
The New Jersey Historical Commission (NJHC), a division of the New Jersey Department of State, is a state agency dedicated to the advancement of public knowledge and preservation of New Jersey history.

Have your research checked for intrusion of bullcrap.

https://www.durandhedden.org/docs/juneteenth-exhibit.pdf

Slavery in New Jersey declined over time but did not end until after the Civil War.
Sometimes known as “Freedom Day” or “Emancipation Day,”Juneteenth is a contraction of the words “June Nineteenth.” Juneteenth commemorates the June 19, 1865, announcement of the abolition of slavery in the state of Texas, 18 months after the Emancipation Proclamation, and five months after the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment. The celebrations that followed the Union Army’s occupation of Texas began a tradition that has lasted for 154 years. Today, in cities and towns in 45 US states, Juneteenth commemorates African American freedom and emphasizes education and achievement.
[...]
In fact, some historians note that the last 16 enslaved people in New Jersey were not freed until the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment on Jan. 31, 1865, truly ended slavery in America. New Jersey, in 1866, was the last northern state to ratify that amendment.

https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/essex/montclair/2021/02/28/american-dream-paramus-nj-part-north-jersey-slavery-legacy/4212248001/

New Jersey slaveholders didn't give up this bounty lightly; the state was the last in the North to outlaw slavery. Even when legislation was finally passed in 1804, "freed" slaves were required to serve lengthy apprenticeships, which weren’t much different from slavery, according to the Princeton and Slavery Project.
The last 16 enslaved people in New Jersey were not freed until 1866, when the state reluctantly ratified the 13th Amendment.