... key to understanding abrupt change had to do with salinity, of certain ocean currents.
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Ice caps melt and dilute the current that runs up the Atlantic to Great Britain and beyond. This changes weather dramatically in a short time as the melt water is colder and less saline and therefore doesn’t allow normal warmth on the surface.
The solution is to spray very saline solutions onto the cap of melt water.
Kim Stanley Robinson uses this device in one of the ‘Mars’ series books. Can’t recall details. Read it (most of it) a long time ago.
Seems reasonable to me too. The study didn’t actually go into details of solutions. Just the impact on the population, if there was abrupt changes. I also read somewhere that the salinity is being monitored.