I wonder where the lighting system that allowed all these carvings of hieroglyphs and paintings went? Did the Egyptians move the systems from tomb to tomb?
The photos demonstrate how dark it was when the work was done, and hand-held oil lamps is the best we can surmise?
If I recall correctly there were often mirror systems - burnished copper/bronze I think - used to reflect lights into these as they were constructed as well. I’d imagine those were expensive and transported from place to place as needed.
and then the lamps and likely braziers.
The Egyptians used copper and bronze mirrors to reflect the ample sunlight available outside.
The cave paintings were lit by some sort of firelight, and it wouldn’t surprise me to learn they’d figured out candlemaking that long ago, they certainly had enough fat available from megafauna kills.