Vermiculite (heated mica ) does hold some water , but it has only a medium rated analysis on water holding ability.
Perlite is a sterile medium , holds no water moisture, but makes soil more friable (break up) , and is reccomended for seedling developement , or in heavy soils (ie.: clay).
In both instances , it is recommended to use with peat moss, or sphagnum moss for stabile moisture for plants.
There were several reasons that Mel gave for using vermiculite instead of perlite, but the only one I can remember is that it holds water better than perlite.
And yes 1/3 of the mix is supposed to be peat moss or sphagnum moss. Peat is readily available here.