I always wondered since the Islamic technological achievements were based on what earlier Greek and Romans and Hindus achieved in the the areas the Muslims ruled if there was a direct correlation between the decline in population of Greek and Armenian and other Christian peoples (and Jews and Hindu/Indians) in the Muslim world and the decline in Islamic technology and learning.
In other words - the Muslims were supported by the more advance non Muslim native peoples they ruled over and over time as those people were persecuted out of existence the Muslims lost that knowledge base.
You forgot Malaysia, as they have a growing manufacturing sector (in terms of goods produced, not jobs), particularly in electronics.
Some conquerors are more parasitic than others. The Greeks and Romans brought dynamic cultures that, in the end, tended to elevate many of the peoples they conquered. The Arabs and Turks overran many nations that were more advanced and so ended up becoming more Persian or even Hellenized as time went on - at least outwardly. But Islam’s god is both transcendant and omnipotent and this results in a kind a fatalism that is deadly to temporal developement. If things go wrong it is “god’s will” and what can you do? So things don’t change much and when they do it is usually seen as change for the worse and resisted.