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The Mongols conquered half the known universe with the Przewalski horse. This breed's endurance and stamina is commendable.
I don't think so. There is no evidence across the Americas of the Incas, Mayans or any of those cultures having any sort of beast of burden.
http://www.beringia.com/02/02maina14.html
"The Yukon horse (Equus lambei) was a relatively small caballoid (closely related to the modern horse Equus caballus) species. It occupied steppe-like grasslands of Eastern Beringia (unglaciated parts of Alaska, Yukon and adjacent Northwest Territories) in great numbers, and was one of the commonest Ice Age (the Quaternary, or last 2 million years) species known from that region..."
a link from Yuri's page (also by Yuri):
http://www.trends.ca/~yuku/tran/9h8.htm
"In the Milwaukee Public Museum there is the skull of a mustang excavated in 1936 by W.C. McKern from a mound on Spencer Lake in NW Wisconsin (47BT2), and vouched for by McKern in the _Wisconsin Archaeologist_, Vol. 45, #2 (June 1964), pp. 118-120. Says McKern , 'there remains no reasonable question as to the legitimacy of the horse skull that we found as a burial association placed in the mound by its builders.'"
It's fairly well documented that before Columbus arrived, the largest domestic animals in the Americas were Llamas (if you can consider a creature as full of spite and spit as a Llama "domesticated"). While it is possible that the scandinavians might have brought domesticated horses and cattle with them on their explorations and failed colonization of the Americans around the beginning of the second millenium, there is no evidence thus far of native domestication of equus before Columbus. Any horses encountered by precolumbian humans in the Americas would most likely have been eaten, not ridden.
http://www.trends.ca/~yuku/tran/9h2.htm
"The assumption among historians is nearly universal that there were no horses in America before Columbus (except, of course, for those that became extinct very early on). I certainly cannot claim at this point that this assumption is incorrect. I can only say that there seem to be some assorted problems with this view, as well as a few troubling items (such as the horse skull) found in good precolumbian contexts."
Horses and camels originally evolved in North America, but left via the Land Bridge, apparently before our indigenous aboriginies {I was born here, so I'm a Native American] arrived. The Indians of the southern plains bred horses that escaped from the Spaniards, and from there the horse moved north. Indians used dogs to pull loads before they got horses. I beileve the Lakota phrase for horse, Tshunka Wakan [p/s] means "sacred dog". Indians hunted bison on foot prior to getting horses.I don't believe there's any evidence that Indians had horses before the arrival of the Spanish.
This is kinda cool, another link from Yuri:
http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/horses/
I believe I may have heard of this horse before. Is it the one that Poland was attempting to restore in Poland?
The Book of Mormon references horses existing in pre-columbus days.
Of course, most scientist have debuked this.
I've often wondered about the birth rate of cattle and horses deemed responsible for the launch of the Longhorns in Texas and wild horses all over the West.
I thought the birthrate would be about 1 per year. How much brood stock would it take to form huge herds of thousands of animals? Anyone with a math flair could figure out the geometric progression.
I've got some research that puts the first settlers in the Rio Grande valley in the early 1700s with 'thousands of cattle and horses) but where did they come from? Hard to believe the Spanish were bringing boatloads of animals over from 1512 onward.
The Icelandic's have a small sturdy horse similar to the Mongolian horse. http://www.imh.org/imh/bw/iceland.html Don't know how many chromasomes it has.
Horses were around when the first men reached this hemisphere along with a great deal of interesting megafauna. The Indians ate them until numbers were not sufficient to have a breeding population [and the mastadons and mammoths also suffered the same fate].
Origins of Domestic Horse Revealed
BBC News | 16 July 2002 | Helen Briggs
Posted on 07/16/2002 7:03:04 PM PDT by jimtorr
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/chat/717353/posts
"The genetic evidence shows that wild horses were recruited for domestication from different areas of the world," he told BBC News Online. "A single, simple origin of horse domestication can be ruled out." This is surprising because other domestic animals - such as cattle, goats and sheep - show a much more restricted origin... DNA samples were compared with ancient DNA from wild horses living in Sweden and Estonia about 2,000 years ago, and 28,000-year-old horse remains preserved in Alaskan ice.
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