It doesn't very often! That big of water was probably in the Straight of Juan de Fuca...
Yowsers... big big waves.
That's not actually in Puget Sound. The name of the vessel is "Puget Sound". Since it says that it was bound for Valdez, its a safe bet that those pics were taken in the middle of the Gulf of Alaska.
The Gulf *regularly* gets seas like that, especially in the winter. It is a genuinely inhospitable place. Some of my most cheek-clenching moments were in that place. It's really something special to be on the bridge of a ship, eight feet high, and be able to look *up* at the top of the next wave... [shudder] [clench]