[JenB]

1. By what other name was Iluvatar better known in the Third Age?
Eru

2. Who were the Ainur?
The collective name for the Valar and Maiar, as well as those spirits who did not enter the world. Equivalent to angels.

3. What did Iluvatar show the Ainur after the Great Music?
Ea - the Earth

4. Which Ainu disrupted the Great Music?
That would be Melkor, later known as Morgoth

5. What name was given to the first of the Ainur that descended into the world, and what did it mean?
Manwe - Spirit of... something

6. What were the fanar?
Um...

7. Who were the Children of Iluvatar, and in what order were they conceived?
Elves and Men, the Firstborn and the Followers. Elves came first, then Men

8. What was Melkor's amibition concerning the children of Iluvatar?
He wished to rule over them

9. When Melkor went into the Void, what was he seeking?
Power - specifically, I think, fire?

10. Who was the chief instrument of the second theme Iluvatar raised against the discord of Melkor?
Manwe

[Fedora]

Wow, that was fast! A few minor nitpicks:

>> 5. What name was given to the first of the Ainur that descended into the world, and what did it mean?
>
>Manwe - Spirit of... something

Valar: Powers of the World

>> 6. What were the fanar?
>
>Um...

The radiant and majestic bodies in which the Valar appeared to Elves and Men.

> > 9. When Melkor went into the Void, what was he seeking?
>
>Power - specifically, I think, fire?

Basically, yeah. The exact answer is the Imperishable Flame.

Speaking of the Valar, try this one:

Match the Valar with their titles:

1. Manwe
2. Yavanna
3. Tulkas
4. Aule
5. Varda
6. Namo
7. Vaire
8. Orome
9. Ulmo
10. Vana

a. Lady of the Stars
b. The Weaver
c. Keeper of the Houses of the Dead
d. Lord of Waters
e. The Ever-young
f. The Giver of Fruits
g. Lord of the Breath of Arda
h. The Valiant
i. Lord of Forests
j. The Master of All Crafts