Thanks JimSEA.
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Posted on 09/25/2015 2:28:37 PM PDT by JimSEA
New research led by Dr Hauke Marquardt of the University of Bayreuth, Germany, suggests the existence of a previously unknown superviscous layer inside our planet: part of the lower mantle where the rock gets 3 times stiffer. Such a layer may explain why tectonic plate slabs seem to pool at 930 miles (1,500 km) under Indonesia and South America’s Pacific coast.
“The Earth has many layers, like an onion. Most layers are defined by the minerals that are present. Essentially, we have discovered a new layer in the Earth. This layer isn’t defined by the minerals present, but by the strength of these minerals,” said Dr Lowell Miyagi of the University of Utah, the second author on the paper published in the journal Nature Geoscience.
(Excerpt) Read more at sci-news.com ...
That is what’s known as a “Rat-tilian” part rat and reptile.
I thought the science was settled! You mean we learn things new all the time!?
Hogwash! I deem these people dirt deniers! Heretics! Heretics!
Seems like something best confined to the pages of fiction, IMO. With the sort of pressures and temperatures that exist down there, we might send the planet zipping out of orbit, propelled like a deflating balloon. (Artist's conception: Thbbtbtbbtbbtbbtbbtt)
Geologists Discover New Layer in Earth’s Mantle
I knew it!
It was just too cold for me so I knew there had to be an extra mantle....
News at 10..... New mantle layer caused by climate change. :)
Cakes! Cakes have layers!
I like molten lava cake. It does Camden to burn the roof of my mouth and melt the plate though.
“The asthenosphere is a part of the upper mantle just below the lithosphere that is involved in plate tectonic movement and isostatic adjustments.
The lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary is conventionally taken at the 1300°C isotherm, above which the mantle behaves in a rigid fashion and below which it behaves in a ductile fashion.[3]
Seismic waves pass relatively slowly through the asthenosphere[4] compared to the overlying lithospheric mantle, thus it has been called the low-velocity zone (LVZ), although the two are not exactly the same. This decreasing in seismic waves velocity from lithosphere to asthenosphere could be caused by the presence of small percentage of melt in the asthenosphere.
The lower boundary of the LVZ lies at a depth of 180–220 km,[5] whereas the base of the asthenosphere lies at a depth of about 700 km.[6] This was the observation that originally alerted seismologists to its presence and gave some information about its physical properties, as the speed of seismic waves decreases with decreasing rigidity.
In the old oceanic mantle the transition from the lithosphere to the asthenosphere, the so-called lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) is shallow (about 60 km in some regions) with a sharp and large velocity drop (5-10%).[7] At the mid-ocean ridges the LAB rises to within a few kilometers of the ocean floor.
The upper part of the asthenosphere is believed to be the zone upon which the great rigid and brittle lithospheric plates of the Earth’s crust move about. Due to the temperature and pressure conditions in the asthenosphere, rock becomes ductile, moving at rates of deformation measured in cm/yr over lineal distances eventually measuring thousands of kilometers. In this way, it flows like a convection current, radiating heat outward from the Earth’s interior.
Above the asthenosphere, at the same rate of deformation, rock behaves elastically and, being brittle, can break, causing faults. The rigid lithosphere is thought to “float” or move about on the slowly flowing asthenosphere, creating the movement of tectonic plates.”
“The mesosphere refers to the mantle in the region under the lithosphere and the asthenosphere, but above the outer core.
The upper boundary is defined as the sharp increase in seismic wave velocities and density at a depth of 660 kilometers (410 mi).[1] At a depth of 660 km, ringwoodite (gamma-(Mg,Fe)2SiO4) decomposes into Mg-Si perovskite and magnesiowustite.[1]
This reaction marks the boundary between upper mantle and lower mantle. This measurement is estimated from seismic data and high-pressure laboratory experiments.
The base of the mesosphere includes the D” zone which lies just above the mantle-core boundary at approximately 2,700 to 2,890 km (1,678 to 1,796 mi). The base of the lower mantle is at about 2700 km.[1]
“Mesosphere” (not to be confused with mesosphere, a layer of the atmosphere) is derived from “mesospheric shell”, coined by Reginald Aldworth Daly, a Harvard University geology professor.
In the pre-plate tectonics era, Daly (1940) inferred that the outer earth consisted of three spherical layers: lithosphere (including the crust), asthenosphere, and mesospheric shell.[2]
Daly’s hypothetical depths to the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary ranged from 80 to 100 km (50 to 62 mi), and the top of the mesospheric shell (base of the asthenosphere) were from 200 to 480 km (124 to 298 mi). Thus, Daly’s asthenosphere was inferred to be 120 to 400 km (75 to 249 mi) thick. According to Daly, the base of the solid Earth mesosphere could extend to the base of the mantle (and, thus, to the top of the core).
A derivative term, mesoplates, was introduced as a heuristic, based on a combination of “mesosphere” and “plate”, for postulated reference frames in which mantle hotspots apparently exist.”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosphere_%28mantle%29
Or what about parfait? Everybody loves parfait. It makes my mouth water just saying the word “parfait”.
But there are more viscous layers that afford movement with the outer core. And the more the magnetic field is moving around, the more the outer core and mantle move. That adds up to more seismic activity and volcanism.
The weather changes are caused by natural occurrences that happen once in a great while. The weaknesses in the field are a result of increased movement of the magnetic field. Where’s magnetic north? Why did the NOAA revise data sets going back many years to show an unearthly consistency of movement?
Increased depletions of ozone are caused by weak spots in the field and increased seismic activity (increased methane leakage, debris, etc.). Ozone regenerations are inhibited by those causes and lack of solar activity.
In other words, human excretions and industrial activity are not contributing much to the weather changes. Look at natural causes and stop blaming the peasants for living.
And remember that some very influential political constituents stand to lose all that they have because of the natural changes (droughts, increased uses of resources, etc.). That’s part of what’s behind the efforts to shrink economic activities to fit a few and to shunt most people from the world economy.
That’s not a Salurian. That’s a reptilian / mongoloid / muzzie hybrid.
SF writer Larry Niven had a very similar idea decades ago. Impact Armor -- flexible cloth until it gets hit, at which point it becomes temporarily hard.
That's probably not correct. Too much heat.
And, oil comes from dinosaurs
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