HMS Nelson
I've only seen the Brits do that and they had them forward.
Japanese TONE class CA, all turrets forward. The Japanese were very satisfied with this design, left all that space aft for scout floatplane operations. On the other hand, the Brits continually had problems with the NELSON class. A full 9 gun broadside salvo raised all sorts of havoc onboard from shock damage. I imagine the difference between the success of the two classes boiled down to the main gun size. 8" grouping like that was ok, 16" was not.