To make better sense of this, substitute the word "principal" for the word "interest", and it reads: ". . . at my coming, I would have received the interest [mine own] along with the principal". Jesus distinguishes the interest which is His in particular from the principal which belongs to the God of Israel..
In financial terms, the principal is the mother that gives birth to the interest which is the offspring [child]. The term "interest-bearing principal" is the mother bearing the child. The Israel of God is the mother that gives birth to the Body of Christ, the interest from God's investment in the nation of Israel in the OT.
That being said, what investment banker would throw out the principal and keep only the interest, or what father would discard the mother after she gave birth to her child. So it is with those who adhere to replacement theology. They would throw the mother out with the bathwater.
Amen! The Bible says that they are 'wise in their own conceits'(Rom.11:25)